Abstract
The passive film breakdown of 1024 mild steel induced by the presence of 0.05m chloride ions had been investigated in 0.075–0.75m bicarbonate solutions at pH8.9–9.7. A rotating disc electrode with a Kel-F holder was used in conjunction with a rotating ring-disc electrode. The resistance to localized attack is closely linked to the preanodization potential (Eox) applied in the absence of Cl- ions. For Eox below about 0.2–0.3V vs SCE, the resistance to localized attack provided by the passive film is independent of Eox; above the breakdown potential, the localized attack is manifested by the formation of pits at the mild steel surface. The breakdown potential increases linearly with NaHCO3 concentration and pH. Passive film breakdown for Eox below about 0.2–0.3V vs SCE most likely begins with a surface film dissolution prior to the penetration of the aggressive anions through the film. For Eox above about 0.3V vs SCE under the same conditions, no pitting is noticed and the potential associated with localized attack shifts considerably in the anodic direction due to interstitial (formation of crevices) corrosion at the mild steel/Kel-F interface.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. A. Bardwell, B. MacDougall and M. J. Graham. J. Electrochem. Soc. 135 (1988) 413.
J. A. Bardwell and B. MacDougall. ibid. 135 (1988) 2157.
J. A. Bardwell, B. MacDougall and G.I. Sproule. ibid. 136 (1989) 1331.
J. A. Bardwell, J. W. Fraser, B. MacDougall and M. J. Graham. ibid. 139 (1992) 366.
T. E. Pou, O. J. Murphy, V. Young and J. O'M. Bockris. ibid. 131 (1984) 1243.
J. A. Bardwell and B. MacDougall. Electrochem. Acta 34 (1989) 229.
C. L. McBee and J. Kruger, in ‘Localized Corrosion’, NACE-3, (edited by R.W. Staehle, B. F. Brown, J. Kruger and A. Agrawal), NACE. Houston. TX (1974), p. 252.
K. E. Heusler and L. Fischer. Workst. Corros. 27 (1976) 551.
J. A. Bardwell, B. MacDougall and M. J. Graham. Corros. Sci. 32 (1991) 139.
M. Cohen, Corrosion 32 (1976) 461.
H. E. H. Bird, B. R. Pearson and P. A. Brook, Corros. Sci. 28 (1988) 81.
K. Ogura and M. Kaneko, ibid. 23 (1983) 1229.
S. Juanto, J. O. Zerbino, M. I. Miguez, J. R. Vilche and A. J. Arvia. Electrochim. Acta 32 (1987) 1743.
S. Simard, M. Drogowska, L. Brossard and H. Ménard. J. Appl. Electrochem., 27 (1997) 317.
N. Sato and G. Okamoto, in ‘Comprehensive Treatise of Electrochemistry’, Vol. 4 (edited by J. O'M. Bockris, B. E. Conway, E. Yeager and R. E. White), Plenum Press., NY (1981), p. 193.
M. Ergun and A. Y. Turan. Corros. Sci. 32 (1991) 1137.
H-H. Strehblow, in ‘Corrosion Mechanism in Theory and Practice’, (edited by P. Marcus and J. Oudar), Marcel Dekker, NY (1995), p. 201.
C. Gabrielli, F. Huet, M. Keddam and R. Oltra, in ‘Advances in Localized Corrosion’. (edited by H. S. Isaac, U. Bertocci, and J. Kruger), NACE, Houston, TX (1987), p. 93.
W. J. Albery and M. L. Hitchman, ‘Ring-Disk Electrodes’, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1971).
M. E. Bett, K. M. Parkin and M. J. Graham, J. Electrochem. Soc. 133 (1986) 2032.
L. J. Simpson and C. A. Melendres. ibid. 143 (1996) 2146.
E. Deltombe and M. Pourbaix, in ‘Comportement électrochimique du fer en solution carbonique, diagrammes d'équilibre tension-pH du système Fe-CO2-H2O, à 25 °C’. Rapport technique 8. CEBELCOR (1954).
M. J. Graham, J. A. Bardwell, R. Goetz, D. F. Mitchell and B. MacDougall. Corros. Sci. 31 (1990) 139.
N. Sato, Electrochim. Acta 16 (1971) 1683.
H.-H. Strehblow. Workst. Corros. 35 (1984) 437.
D. D. Macdonald. J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 3434.
W. Khalil, S. Haupt and H.-H. Strehblow. Workst. Corros. 36 (1988) 16.
S. Kesavan, T. A. Mozhi and B. E. Wilde, Corrosion 45 (1989) 213.
R. Nishimura, M. Araki and K. Kudo. ibid. 40 (1984) 465.
H. W. Pickering and R. P. Frankenthal. J. Electrochem. Soc. 119 (1972) 1297.
H. Freizer and Q. Fernando, in ‘Ionic Equilibria in Analytic Chemistry’, J. Wiley & Sons, New York. NY (1963).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Simard, S., Menard, H. & Brossard, L. Localized corrosion of 1024 mild steel in slightly alkaline bicarbonate solution with Cl− ions. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 28, 151–160 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003274507668
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003274507668