Skip to main content
Log in

Viewing Telephone Therapy Through the Lens of Attachment Theory and Infant Research

  • Published:
Clinical Social Work Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This article discusses the use of the telephone for psychotherapy and applies basic tenets of attachment theory and research on infant development to understand the therapy process. Clinical case examples of four models of attachment (“secure,” “insecure ambivalent,” “insecure avoidant,” “disorganized”) illustrate diverse patient capacities to use the telephone during a planned 10-week break from ongoing, in-person treatment. It is suggested that telephone therapy may be variously effective based on the attachment system that becomes activated due to the separation, and patients with insecure avoidant or disorganized attachment patterns may have more difficulty managing the alternative treatment modality.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  • Aaron, L. (1996). A meeting of minds: Mutuality in psychoanalysis. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1967). Infancy in uganda: Infant care and the growth of love. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aronson, J. (2000a). Use of the telephone as a transitional space. In J. Aronson (Ed.), Use of the telephone in psychotherapy (pp. 129–149). Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aronson, J. (Ed.) (2000b). Use of the telephone in psychotherapy. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barth, D. (2000). Using the telephone to negotiate an optimal balance between separation and connection. In J. Aronson (Ed.), Use of the telephone in psychotherapy (pp. 151–166). Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beebe, B., & Lachmann, F. (1988). The contribution of mother-infant mutual influence to the origins of self and object representation. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 5, 305–337.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beebe, B., & Lachmann, F. (2002). Infant research and adult treatment: Co-constructing interactions. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowlby, J. (1969/1982). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and loss: Vol. 2. Separation. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowlby, J. (1980). Attachment and loss: Vol. 3. Loss. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brisch, K. (2000). Use of the telephone in the treatment of attachment disorders. In J. Aronson (Ed.), Use of the telephone in psychotherapy (pp. 375–395). Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dozier, M., Stovall, C., & Albus, K. (1999). Attachment and psychopathology in adulthood. In J. Cassidy & P. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (pp. 497519). New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fonagy, P. (2001). Attachment theory and psychoanalysis. New York: Other Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiersky, S., & Beebe, B. (1994). The reconstruction of early nonverbal relatedness in the treatment of difficult patients. Psychoanalytic Dialogues, 4(3), 389–408.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kobak, R. (1999). The emotional dynamics of disruptions in attachment relationships. In J. Cassidy & P. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (pp. 21–43). New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lachmann, F., & Beebe, B. (1996). Three principles of salience in the organization of the patient-analyst interaction. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 13(1), 122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Main, M., & Solomon, J. (1986). Discovery of a new, insecure disorganized/disoriented attachment pattern. In T. B. Brazelton & M. Yogman (Eds.), Affective development in infancy (pp. 95–124). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Orange, D., Atwood, G., & Stolorow, R. (1997). Working intersubjectively: Contextualism in psychoanalytic practice. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rustin, J. (2002, October). The telephone speaks: Many questions, few answers. Paper presented at the meeting of the 25th Annual International Conference on the Psychology of the Self, Washington, DC.

  • Sable, P. (2000). Attachment and adult psychotherapy. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Slade, A. (1999). Attachment theory and research: Implications for the theory and practice of individual psychotherapy with adults. In J. Cassidy & P. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (pp. 575-594). New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stern, D. (1977). The first relationship: Infant and mother.Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stern, D. (1985). The interpersonal world of the infant. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sorter, D. (1996). Chase and dodge: An organization of experience. Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis, 13(1), 68–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warren, J. (2000). When the therapist moves. In J. Aronson (Ed.), Use of the telephone in psychotherapy (pp. 167–184). Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeanah, C., Anders, T., Seifer, R., & Stern, D. (1989). Implications of research on infant development for psychodynamic theory and practice. Journal of American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 28(5), 657–668.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bennett, S. Viewing Telephone Therapy Through the Lens of Attachment Theory and Infant Research. Clinical Social Work Journal 32, 239–250 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CSOW.0000035106.05138.f3

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CSOW.0000035106.05138.f3

Navigation