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Space Science Reviews

, Volume 101, Issue 1–2, pp 1–227 | Cite as

Particle acceleration and kinematics in solar flares – A Synthesis of Recent Observations and Theoretical Concepts (Invited Review)

  • Markus  J. Aschwanden
Article

Abstract

We review the physical processes of particle acceleration, injection, propagation, trapping, and energy loss in solar flare conditions. An understanding of these basic physical processes is inexorable to interpret the detailed timing and spectral evolution of the radiative signatures caused by nonthermal particles in hard X-rays, gamma-rays, and radio wavelengths. In contrast to other more theoretically oriented reviews on particle acceleration processes, we aim here to capitalize on the numerous observations from recent spacecraft missions, such as from the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO), the Yohkoh Hard X-Ray Telescope (HXT) and Soft X-Ray Telescope (SXT), and the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE). High-precision energy-dependent time delay measurements from CGRO and spatial imaging with Yohkoh and TRACE provide invaluable observational constraints on the topology of the acceleration region, the reconstruction of magnetic reconnection processes, the resulting electromagnetic fields, and the kinematics of energized (nonthermal) particles.

solar flares particle acceleration particle kinematics nonthermal particles hard X-ray emission soft X-ray emission radio emission 
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© Kluwer Academic Publishers 2002

Authors and Affiliations

  • Markus  J. Aschwanden
    • 1
  1. 1.Advanced Technology Center, Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory, Dept. L9-41Lockheed MartinPalo AltoUSA

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