Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

What happened to participatory research at the International Potato Center?

  • Published:
Agriculture and Human Values Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

During the 1980s, when a flexibleapproach to research, known asfarmer-back-to-farmer, was developed, theInternational Potato Center (CIP) became famousfor participatory research. Subsequently itappeared to have lost leadership in this field.This article documents participatory researchactivities in CIP over the past thirty years tofind out what happened. Even in the 1980s,implementation of participatory research wasactually limited. Participatory research in thecenter grew unevenly, with little clearencouragement from the CGIAR. Decentralizationof social scientists in the 1990s led to thefragmentation of participatory research and, inthe absence of any clear champion, it seemedthat it might wither away. Recently, increasinginterest in IPM, donor support, and therecruitment of international staff who havebeen exposed to other currents of participatoryresearch and training has led to a revival ofinterest. This needs to be carefully nurturedto ensure that the flexibility for whichparticipatory research in CIP earlier gainedworld renown is retained.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aguirre, G., J. Calderon, D. Buitrago, V. Iriarte, J. Ramos, J. Blajos, G. Thiele, and A. Devaux (1999). “Rustic seedbeds, a potential bridge between formal and traditional potato seed systems in Bolivia.” In Impact on a Changing World: CIP Program Report 1997–1998 (pp. 195–203). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andrade, H., X. Cuesta, N. Lara, E. Carrera, and E. Alarcon (1995). Subproyecto 1.2.5: Clones avanzados de papa seleccionados de manera participativa por su adaptación en campo y su aceptación por consumidores de papa fresca y procesada. Quito: FORTIPAPA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andrade, H. J. and X. Cuesta (1997). “The role of the user in selecting and releasing potato varieties in Ecuador.” In New Frontiers in Participatory Research and Gender Analysis. Proceedings of the International Seminar on Participatory Research and Gender Analysis for Technology Development. September 9–14, 1996. Cali (Colombia), CIAT (pp. 181–187). PRGA, CIMMYT, IRRI.

  • Anon. (1981). “Position paper.” In Social Science Research at the International Potato Center: Report of the Second Social Science Planning Conference (pp. 23–29). Lima: CIP.

  • Anon. (1988). “Conclusions and recommendations: Third social science planning conference.” In The Social Sciences at CIP: Report of the Third Social Science Planning Conference (pp. 7–13). Lima: CIP.

  • Ashby, J. (1986). “Methodology for the participation of small farmers in the design of on-farm trials.” Agricultural Administration 22: 1–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashby, J. A. (1987). Farmer Participation in On-farm Varietal Trials. London: ODI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashby, J. A. (1990). Evaluating Technology with Farmers: A Handbook. Cali, Colombia: CIAT.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashby, J. A. (1991). “Adopters and adapters: the participation of farmers in on-farm research.” In R. Tripp (ed.), Planned Change in Farming Systems: Progress in On-Farm Research (pp. 273–286). Chichester: John Wiley and Sons.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashby, J., T. Gracia, M. del Pilar Guerrero, C. A. Quirós, J. Roa, and J. Beltrán (1995). Institutionalising Farmer Participation in Adaptive Technology Testing with the ‘CIAL'. London: ODI, Agricultural Research and Extension Network.

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker, T. (2000). Participatory Research in the CGIAR. Deutscher Tropentag 2000 in Hohenheim.

  • Bentley, J. (1994). “Facts, fantasies and failures of farmer participatory research.” Agriculture and Human Values 11(2/3): 140–150.

    Google Scholar 

  • Biggs, S. (1989). Resource-Poor farmer Participation in Research: A Synthesis of Experiences from nine National Agricultural Research Systems. The Hague, The Netherlands: ISNAR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Biggs, S. (1990). “A multiple source of innovation model of agricultural research and technology promotion.” World Development 18(11): 1481–1499.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braun, A., E. van de Fliert, C. Wheatley, P. Prain, and Y. Widodo (1995). “Improving profits from sweet potato by linking IPM with diversification of markets.” CIP Circular 21(3): 8–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braun, A., G. Thiele, and M. Fernández (2000a). Farmer field schools and Local Agricultural Research Committees: Complementary Platforms for Integrated Decision-Making in Sustainable Agriculture. London: ODI,Agricultural Research and Extension Network.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braun, A., G. Thiele, and M. Fernández (2000b). “Complementary platforms for farmer innovation.” ILEIA Newsletter July: 33–34.

  • Calderón, R., R. Esprella, and L. Crespo (1997). “Training Bolivian farmers in IPM.” ILEIA Newsletter 13(4): 31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campilan, D. (1996). “The changing role of users in sustainable agriculture: A second look at UPWARD's second program phase.” In Into Action Research: Partnerships in Asian Root Crop Research and Development (pp. 159–170). Los Baños: CIP-UPWARD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cardenas, F. M., H. Andrade, X. Cuesta, and E. Carrera (1998). “Evaluaciones participativas de calidad culinaria y aceptabilidad de clones promisorios de papa Solanum tuberosum L. en las provincias de Chimborazo, Cotopaxi y Carchi del Ecuador.” INIAP Revista Informativa (Ecuador) 10: 25–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carrasco, E., A. Devaux, W. Garcia, and R. Esprella (1997). “Frost-tolerant potato varieties for the Andean highlands.” Program Report 1995–1996 (pp. 227–232). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ceccarelli, S., S. Grando, R. Tutwiler, J. Baha, A. M. Martini, H. Salahieh, A. Goodchild, and M. Michael (2000). “A methodological study on participatory barley breeding I: selection phase.” Euphytica 111: 91–104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chambers, R. (1988). “What new challenges should CIP scientists face in client-oriented, participatory R&D?” In The Social Sciences at CIP: Report of the Third Social Science Planning Conference (pp. 225–229). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chambers, R. and B. P. Ghildyal (1985). Agricultural Research for Resource-Poor Farmers: The Farmer-First-and-Last Model. Brighton: IDS.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chambers, R. and J. Jiggins (1986). Agricultural Research for Resource-Poor Farmers: A Parsimonious Paradigm. Brighton: IDS.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chilver, A. and R. Suherman (1994). “Patterns, processes and impacts of technology diffusion: The case of true potato seed (TPS) in Indonesia.” Journal of the Asian Farming Systems Association 2(2): 285–302.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chilver, A. S. (1997). Innovation Paths in Developing Country Agriculture: True Potato Seed in India, Egypt and Indonesia. Norwich (UK). PhD Thesis University of East Anglia.

  • CIP (1999). Project 11, Subproject 11 Report. Lima.

  • Cisneros, F. and P. Gregory (1994). “Potato pest management.” Aspects of Applied Biology 39: 113–124.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cortbaoui, R. (1981). “On farm research to optimize potato productivity in developing countries.” In Social Science Research at the International Potato Center: Report of the Second Social Science Planning Conference (pp. 81–90). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Devaux, A. and P. Tegera (1981). “Les parcelles d'évaluation: une solution au problème de transfert des technologies?” Bulletin Agricole du Rwanda 14: 165–167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dhital, B. K., P. M. Pradhanang, S. R. Ghimire, and T. B. Gurung (1996). “Management of bacterial wilt of potato through community participatory approach in the western hills of Nepal.” In P. M. Pradhanang and J. G. Pokhara (eds.), Integrated Management of Bacterial Wilt of Potato: Lessons from the Hills of Nepal, Proceedings. National Workshop. Pokhara (Nepal). 4–5 Nov. 1996 (pp. 60–69). Nepal: Lumle Agricultural Research Centre, UPWARD, Winrock International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ewell, P. (1988). “Farmer-oriented research and development of integrated pest management.” In The Social Sciences at CIP: Report of the Third Social Science Planning Conference (pp. 220–229). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fano, H., O. Ortiz, and T. Walker (1996). “Peru: Interinstitutional cooperation for IPM.” In L. A. Thrupp (ed.), New Partnerships for Sustainable Agriculture (pp. 85–98). Washington, DC: World Resources Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fonseca, C., J. P. Molina, and E. E. Carey (1994). Farmer Participation in the Selection of New Sweet Potato Varieties. Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fonseca, C., R. Labarta, A. Mendoza, J. Landeo, and T. Walker (1996). “Economic impact of the high-yielding, late-blightresistant variety Canchán-INIAA in Peru.” In T. Walker and C. Crissman (eds.), Case Studies of the Economic Impact of CIP-Related Technology (pp. 51–63). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fujisaka, S. (1994).Will Farmer Participatory Research Survive in the International Agricultural Research Centres? London: IIED.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gabriel, J., R. Torrez, and G. Thiele (2000). “Participatory approaches in potato improvement: experience of PROINPA in Bolivia.” In C. J. M. Almekinders and W. de Boef (eds.), Encouraging Diversity. The Conservation and Development of Plant Genetic Resources (pp. 194–199). London: Intermediate Technology Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gandarillas, E. (1996). “Investigación participativa: Alternativas de control de la polilla de la papa (Phthorimaea operculella) en almacen.” In Cuarta reunión nacional de papa: Compendio de exposiciones. Cochabamba (Bolivia). 8–11 Oct 1996 (pp. 25–26). Cochabamba, Bolivia: IBTAPROINPA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghimire, S. R., B. K. Dhital, A. Vaidya, T. B. Gurung, and P. M. Pradhanang (1997). “Community management of potato disease in Nepal: From micro experience to macro policy.” In Local R&D: Institutionalizing Innovations in Root Crop Agriculture (pp. 138–152). Los Baños: UPWARD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graf, W., J. Voss, and Nyabyenda (1991). “Climbing bean introduction in Southern Rwanda.” In R. Tripp (ed.), Planned Change in Farming Systems: Progress in On-Farm Research (pp. 39–62). Chichester: John Wiley and Sons.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gregory, P. (1988). “Review of the recommendations of the 1981 planning conference and 1983 external review.” In The Social Sciences at CIP: Report of the Third Social Science Planning Conference (pp. 182–203). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Groeneweg, K. and M. Schouten (1998). Summary of Experiences of First Farmer Field School Pilot Project in Latin-America. Lima,Mimeo.

  • Hagenimana, V., M. A. Oyunga, J. Low, S. M. Njoroge, S. T. Gichuki, and J. Kabira (1999). The Effects of Women Farmers’ Adoption of Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potatoes: Raising Vitamin A Intake in Kenya. Washington, DC: International Center for Research on Women.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haugerud, A. (1988). “Anthropology and interdisciplinary agricultural research in Rwanda.” In D. Brokensha and P. Little (eds.), Anthropology of Development and Change in East Africa (pp. 137–160). Boulder and London: Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heong, K. L., A. A. Lazaro, and G. W. Norton (1997). “Pest management perceptions and practices of farmers growing rice and vegetables in Nueva Ecija, Philippines.” In K. L. Heong and M. M. Escalada (eds.), Pest Management of Rice Farmers in Asia (pp. 161–170). Manila: IRRI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horton, D. (1984). Social Scientists in Agricultural Research: Lessons from the Mantaro Valley Project, Peru. Ottawa: IDRC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horton, D. (1988). “The social sciences at CIP.” In The Social Sciences at CIP: report of the Third Social Science Planning Conference (pp. 31–79). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horton, D. and G. Prain (1989). “Beyond FSR: New challenges for social sciences in agricultural R&D.” Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture 28(3/4): 301–314.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horton, H., D. Selener, and A. N. Mbabu (2000). Participatory Research at CIP: Report of an Internally Commissioned External Review. Lima, CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, A. W. (1972). “Individuality and experimentation in traditional agriculture.” Human Ecology 1(2): 43–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kornegay, J., J. A. Beltran, and J. Ashby (1996). “Farmer selections within segregating populations of common bean in Colombia.” In P. Eyzaguirre and M. Iwanga (eds.), Participatory Plant Breeding. Proceedings of a Workshop on Participatory Plant Breeding, 26–29 July 1995, Wageningen, The Netherlands (pp. 151–159). Rome: IPGRI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lemaga, B., J. J. Hakiza, F. O. A. Alacho, and R. Kakuhenzire (1997). “Integrated control of potato bacterial wilt in southwestern Uganda.” In Proceedings of the 4th Triennial Conference of the African Potato Association. Pretoria, South Africa, 23–28 February 1997 (pp. 188–195).

  • Lipton, M. (1989). New Seeds and Poor People. London: Unwin Hyman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malagamba, P. and A. Monares (1988). True Potato Seed: Past and Present Uses. Lima, CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendoza, A., J. Landeo, M. Gastelo, and A. Morales (1995). “ ‘Chagllina-INIA’ (380496.6) variedad promisoria de papa con resistencia de campo al tizon tardio, para el PerÚ. Seleccionado con participación de agricultores.” In Memorias: XVII Reunión de la Asociación Latinoamericana de la Papa, Merida Venezuela, 9–15 July 1995 (pp. 52–53). Merida, Venezuela: Fondo Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias.

    Google Scholar 

  • Monares, A. and P. Malagamba (1988). “Design of a clientoriented technology: the case of true potato seed.” In The Social Sciences at CIP: Report of the Third Social Science Planning Conference (pp. 173–181). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moock, J. L. and R. E. Rhoades (1992). Diversity, Farmer Knowledge and Sustainability. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ooi, P. (1998). Beyond the Farmer Field School: IPM and Empowerment in Indonesia. London: IIED.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ortiz, O. and A. Valdez (1993). “Enfoque de sistemas y metodología participativa para desarrollar medios escritos de comunicación agrícola. El caso de la papa en la agricultura de subsistencia.” Revista Latinoamericana de la Papa 5/6(1): 103–121.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ortiz, O., J. Alcazar, and M. Palacios (1997). “La enseñanza del manejo integrado de plagas en el cultivo de la papa: la experiencia del CIP en la zona andina del Peru.”Revista Latinoamericana de la Papa 9/10(1): 1–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ortiz, O., J. Alcázar, W. Catalán, W. Villano, V. Cerna, H. Fano, and T. Walker (1996). “Economic impact of IPM practices on the Andean potato weevil in Peru.” In T. Walker and C. Crissman (eds.), Case Studies of the Economic Impact of CIPRelated Technology (pp. 95–110). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peters, D. C. (1998). “Improving small scale pig production in northern Viet Nam.” World Animal Review 91(2): 2–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Poats, S. (1981). “La pomme de terre au Rwanda: résultats preliminaires d'une enquête de consommation.” Bulletin Agricole du Rwanda (Mai): 82–91.

  • Potts, M. (1981). “Reflections on on-farm research in the Philippines.” In Social Science Research at the International Potato Center: Report of the Second Social Science Planning Conference (pp. 91–100). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Potts, M., G. Watson, R. Sinung-Basuki, and N. Gunandi (1992). “Farmer experimentation as a basis for cropping systems research: A case study involving true potato seed.” Experimental Agricultural 28: 19–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prain, G. (1993). “Mobilizing local expertise in plant genetic resources research.” In W. de Boef, K. Amanor, K. Wellard, and A. Bebbington (eds.), Cultivating Knowledge, (pp. 102–110). London: Intermediate Technology Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prain, G. and M. Piniero (1999). “Management of Root crop Genetic Diversity in Southern Philippines.” In G. Prain, S. Fujisaka, and M. D. Warren (eds.), Biological and Cultural Diversity: The Role of Indigenous Agricultural Experimentation in Development (pp. 92–112). London: Intermediate Technology Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prain, G. and U. Scheidegger (1988). “User Friendly Seed Programs.” In The Social Sciences at CIP: Report of the Third Social Science Planning Conference (pp. 182–203). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prain, G., F. Uribe, and U. Scheidegger (1992). “ 'The friendly potato': Farmer selection of potato varieties for multiple uses.” In J. L. Moock and R. E. Rhoades (eds.), Diversity, Farmer Knowledge and Sustainability (pp. 52–68). Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prain, G., H. Fano, and C. Fonseca (1994). “Involving farmers in crop variety evaluation and selection.” In G. D. Prain and C. P. Bagalanon (eds.), Local Knowledge, Global Science and Plant Genetic Resources: Towards a Partnership: Proceedings. International Workshop on User Participation in Plant Genetic Resources Research and Development. Pangasinan, Los Banos (Philippines), 4–8 May 1992 (pp. 245–277). Los Banos, Laguna (Philippines): UPWARD.

    Google Scholar 

  • PRGA (1997). A Global Programme on Participatory Research and Gender Analysis for Technology Development and Organisational Innovation. London: ODI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Recharte, J. (1992). “La participación de agricultores en la selección de variedades de papa: Un reto para el trabajo interdisciplinario.” In II Reunión nacional de la papa: Resumenes. Cochabamba (Bolivia) 22–25 Sep 1992 (p. 16). Cochabamba (Bolivia): PROSEMPA, PRONAPA, IBTA-PROINPA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades, R. (1986). “Breaking New Ground: Agricultural Anthropology.” In E. Green (ed.), Practicing Development Anthropology (pp. 22–66). Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades, R. (1988). “Food Systems Research.” In The Social Sciences at CIP: Report of the Third Social Science Planning Conference (pp. 80–94). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades, R. (1992). The Art of the Informal Agricultural Survey. Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades, R. and R. Booth (1982). “An interdisciplinary team approach.” In Social science research at the International Potato Center: Report of the Second Social Science Planning Conference (pp. 66–79). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades, R. and R. Booth (1992). “The farmer-back-to-farmer model: ten years later.” In A Conference on Participatory On-Farm Research and Education for Agricultural Sustainability (pp. 17–27). Urbana-Champaign: University of Illinois.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades, R. E. and R. H. Booth (1982). “Farmer back to farmer: a model for generating acceptable agricultural technology.” Agricultural Administration 11: 127–137.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhoades, R. E., D. H. Horton, and R. H. Booth (1987). “Anthropologist, biological scientist and economist: The three musketeers or three stooges of farming systems research?” In J. R. Jones and B. J. Wallace (eds.), Social Science and Farming Systems Research: Methodological Perspectives on Agricultural Development (pp. 21–40). London: Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richards, P. (1985). Indigenous Agricultural Revolution. Ecology and Food Production in West Africa. London: Hutchinson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roncal, E., M. Gastelo, M. Figueroa, J. Landeo, and L. Calua (1991). “Impacto de la evaluación y selección para resistencia al tizon tardio de la papa en campo de agricultores.” In Reunión de ALAP. Lima (Peru), 8–14 Set 1991 (pp. 68–69). Lima, ALAP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sandoval, V. (1994). “Memory banking: The conservation of cultural and genetic diversity in sweet potato production.” In G. D. Prain and C. P. Bagalanon (eds.), Local Knowledge, Global Science and Plant Genetic Resources: Towards a Partnership: Proceedings. International Workshop on User Participation in Plant Genetic Resources Research and Development. Pangasinan, Los Banos (Philippines), 4–8 May 1992 (pp. 23–55). Los Banos, Laguna (Philippines): UPWARD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheidegger, U., G. Prain, F. Ezeta, and C. Vittorelli (1989). Linking formal R&D to Indigenous Systems: A User Oriented Seed Programme for Peru. London: ODI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott, G. (1988). “Training through marketing research: the CIP experience.” In The Social Sciences at CIP: Report of the Third Social Science Planning Conference (pp. 317–333). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinchi, J., M. Acero., G. Solorzano, and J. Bravo (1994). Evaluación participativa de clones con resistencia a Phytophthora infestans en campos de pequeños agricultores. Quito, Ecuador: FORTIPAPA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smit, N. and B. Odongo (1997). “Integrated pest management for sweet potato in East Africa.” In Program Report 1995–1996 (pp. 191–197). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sperling, L., M. Loevinsohn, and B. Ntabomvura (1993). “Rethinking the farmer's role in plant breeding: Local bean experts and on-station selection in Rwanda.” Experimental Agriculture 29(4): 509–519.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiele, G. (1999). “Informal potato seed systems in the Andes: Why are they important and what should we do with them?” World Development 27(1): 83–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiele, G. (2000). Bibliography of Participatory Research in CIP. Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiele, G., G. Gardner, R. Torrez, and J. Gabriel (1997). “Farmer involvement in selecting new varieties: Potatoes in Bolivia.” Experimental Agriculture 33: 275–290.

    Google Scholar 

  • Torrez, R., J. Tenorio, C. Valencia, R. Orrego, O. Ortiz, R. Nelson, and G. Thiele (1999). “Implementing IPM for late blight in the Andes.” In Impact on a Changing World. Program Report 1997–1998 (pp. 91–99). Lima: CIP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tripp, R. (1991). “An overview of the cases of on-farm research.” In R. Tripp (ed.), Planned Change in Farming Systems: Progress in On-Farm Research (pp. 17–36). Chichester: John Wiley and Sons.

    Google Scholar 

  • van de Fliert, E. (1993). Integrated Pest Management: Farmer Field Schools Generate Sustainable Practices. A Case Study in Central Java Evaluating IPM Training. Wageningen Agricultural University Papers 93–3.

  • van de Fliert, E., A. Braun, S. R. Ghimire, and J. Brons (1998a). “Three cases and a model: Application of an integrative, participatory R&D framework to UPWARD projects in Indonesia, Nepal and the Philippines.” In UPWARDAnnual Review and Planning Workshop. Hanoi (Vietnam). 19–22 Oct 1997. User's Perspectives with Agricultural Research and Development (UPWARD). Sustainable Livelihood for Rural Households: Contribution from Root Crop Agriculture (pp. 99–109). Laguna, The Philippines: UPWARD.

    Google Scholar 

  • van de Fliert, E., Wiyanto, and A. R. Braun (1998b). “The farmer field school as an arena for farmer participatory research.” In C. Reijntjes, M. Minderhoud, and P. Laban (eds.), LEISA in Perspective: 15 Years ILEIA (pp. 40–41). Leusden, The Netherlands: ILEIA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watson, G., N. Estrada, and C. Bejarano (1992). “Andean farmer's evaluation of late-blight resistant clones.” CIP Circular 19(2): 6–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weltzien, E., M. Smith, L. Meitzner, and S. Sperling (2000). Technical and Institutional Issues in Participatory Plant Breeding-from the Perspective of Formal Plant Breeding. Cali: CGIAR, PRGA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Werge, R. (1979). “Potato processing in the Central Highlands of Peru.” Ecology of Food and Nutrition 7: 229–234.

    Google Scholar 

  • Witcombe, J., A. Joshi, K. D. Joshi, and B. Sthapit (1996). “Farmer participatory crop improvement I. Methods for varietal selection and breeding and their impact on biodiversity.” Experimental Agriculture 32: 445–460.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woolfe, J. (1987). The Potato in the Human Diet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CIP, Papa Andina Project, Quito, Ecuador E-mail

    Graham Thiele

  2. CIP, ESEAP Regional Office, Bogor, Indonesia

    Elske van de Fliert

  3. CIP-UPWARD, c/o IRRI, Makati City, The Philippines

    Dindo Campilan

Authors
  1. Graham Thiele
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Elske van de Fliert
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Dindo Campilan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Thiele, G., Fliert, E.v.d. & Campilan, D. What happened to participatory research at the International Potato Center?. Agriculture and Human Values 18, 429–446 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015230803456

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015230803456

Keywords

Search

Navigation