Skip to main content
Log in

Mitochondrial DNA Reveal that Domestic Goat (Capra hircus) are Genetically Affected by Two Subspecies of Bezoar (Capra aegagurus)

  • Published:
Biochemical Genetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This article describes the complete sequences of the mitochondrial DNA displacement loop (D-loop) region and cytochrome b gene from domestic goats in Laos (Laos native) and wild goat “markhor” (C. falconeri). The wild goat “bezoar” (Capra aegagrus) has been considered to be the strongest candidate for the ancestor of the domestic goats (C. hircus); however, there is not sufficient molecular data to verify the hypothesis at present. In phylogenetic analyses, two wild goats, the markhor and the ibex (C. ibex), appeared as an outgroup, while the bezoar was located in a cluster of domestic goats. Mitochondrial haplotypes of Laos natives revealed two distinct major clusters: one was the same as the bezoar, the second, unique to Laos natives. The topology and calibrated levels of sequence divergence suggests that these clusters might represent at least two different subspecies of ancestral bezoars.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  • Anderson, S., DeBruijin, M. H. L., Colson, A. R., Eperon, I. C., Sanger, F., and Young, I. G. (1982). Complete sequence of bovine mitochondrial DNA conserved features of the mammalian mitochondrial genome. J. Mol. Biol. 156:683.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradley, D. G., Machugh, D. E., Cunninghum, E. P., and Loftus, R. T. (1996). Mitochondrial diversity and the origins of African and European cattle. Proc. Natl. Aca. Sci. USA 93:5131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corbet, G. B. (1978). The mammals of the Palaearctic Region: A taxonomic review, British Museum (Natural History): London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Felsenstein, J. (1985). Confidence limits on phylogenies: An approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39:783.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris, D. R. (1962). The distribution and ancestry of the domestic goat. Proc. Linn. Soc. London 173:79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hassanin, A., Lecointre, G., and Tillier, S. (1998). The “evolutionary signal” of homoplasy in protein-coding gene sequences and its consequences for a priori weighting in phylogeny. C. R. Acad. Sci. III 321:611.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horai, S., Kondo, R., Murayama, K., Hayashi, S., Koike, H., and Nakai, N. (1991). Phylogenetic affiliation of ancient and contemporary humans inferred from mitochondrial DNA. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci. 333:409.

    Google Scholar 

  • Irwin, D. M., Korcher, T. D., and Wilson, A. C. (1991). Evolution of cytochrome b gene of mammals. J. Mol. Evol. 32:128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar, S., Tamura, K., and Nei, M. (1993). MEGA: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis, Version 1.01, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loftus, R. T. E., Machugh, D. E., Bradley, D. G., Sharp, P. M., and Cunningham, P. (1994). Evidence for two independent domestications of cattle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:2757.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maniatis, T., Fritsch, E. F., and Sambrook, J. (1982). Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mannen, H., Kojima, T., Oyama, K., Mukai, F., Ishida, T., and Tsuji, S. (1998a). Effect of mitochondrial DNA variation on carcass traits of Japanese Black cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 76(1):36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mannen, H., Tsuji, S., Loftus, R. T., and Bradley, D. G. (1998b). Mitochondrial DNA Variation and Evolution of Japanese Black Cattle (Bos taurus). Genetics 150:1169.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mason, I. L. (1984). Evolution of domesticated Animal. Longman, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saitou, N., and Nei, M. (1987). The neighbour-joining method: A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4:406.

    Google Scholar 

  • Takada, T., Kikkawa, Y., Yonekawa, H., Kawakami, S., and Amano, T. (1997). Bezoar (Capra aegagrus) is a matriarchal candidate for ancestor of domestic goat (Capra hircus): Evidence from the mitochondrial DNA diversity. Biochem. Genet. 35:315.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tamura, K., and Nei, M. (1993). Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in human and chimpanzees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 10:512.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, J. D., Higgins, D. G., and Gibson, T. J. (1994). CLUSTAL W: Improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic. Acids. Res. 22:4673.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeuner, F. E. (1963). A History of Domesticated Animals, Hutchinson, London.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hideyuki Mannen.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mannen, H., Nagata, Y. & Tsuji, S. Mitochondrial DNA Reveal that Domestic Goat (Capra hircus) are Genetically Affected by Two Subspecies of Bezoar (Capra aegagurus). Biochem Genet 39, 145–154 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010266207735

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010266207735

Navigation