Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Role of dysregulated apoptosis in atopic dermatitis

  • Published:
Apoptosis Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex immune dysregulation and interplay of genetic, environmental and psychological factors. Activation and skin-selective homing of peripherial-blood T cells, and effector functions in the skin, represent sequential events in the pathogenesis. Dysregulated apoptosis in skin-homing T cells, eosinophils and keratino-cytes contributes to the elicitation and persistence of atopic derrmatitis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Thompson CB. Apoptosis in the pathogenesis and treatment of disease. Science 1995; 267: 1456–1462.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Martin SJ, Green DG. Protease activation during apoptosis: Death by a thousand cuts? Cell 1995; 82: 349–352.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Fraser A, Evan G. A license to kill. Cell 1996; 85: 781–784.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Smith CA, Farrah T, Goodwin RG. The TNF receptor superfamily of cellular and viral proteins: Activation, costimulation and death. Cell 1994; 76: 959–962.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Hanifin JM, Rajka G. Diagnostic features of atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venerol 1980; 92: 44–47.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Rudikoff D, Lebwohl M. Atopic dermatitis. Lancet 1998; 351: 1715–1721.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Walker C, Virchow JC, Bruijnzeel PLB, Blaser K. T cell subsets and their soluble products regulate eosinophilia in allergic and nonallergic asthma. J Immunol 1991; 146: 1829–1835.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Hamid Q, Boguniewicz M, Leung DYM. Differential in situ cytokine gene expression in acute versus chronic atopic dermatitis. J Clin Invest 1994; 94: 870–876.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Akdis M, Akdis CA, Weigl L, Disch R, Blaser K. Skin-homing, CLA+ memory T cells are activated in atopic dermatitis and regulate IgE by an IL-13-dominated cytokine pattern. IgG4 counter-regulation by CLA¡ memory T cells. J Immunol 1997; 159: 4611–4619.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Akdis M, Simon HU, Weigl L, Kreyden O, Blaser K, Akdis CA. Skin homing (cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigenpositive) CD8+ T cells respond to superantigen and contribute to eosinophilia and IgE production in atopic dermatitis. J Immunol 1999; 163: 466–475.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Robinson DS, Hamid QA, Ying S, et al. Predominant Th2-like bronchoalveolar T lymphocyte population in atopic asthma. N Engl J Med 1992; 326: 298–304.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Kay AB, Ying S, Varney V, et al. Messenger RNA expression of the cytokine gene cluster interleukin 3 (IL-3), IL-4, IL-5, and granulacyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, in allergen-induced late-phase cutaneous reactions in atopic subjects. J Exp Med 1991; 173: 775–778.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Picker LJ, Michie SA, Rott LS, Butcher EC. A Unique phenotype of skin associated lymphocytes in humans: Preferential expression of the HECA-452 epitope by benign and malignant T-cells at cutaneous sites. Am J Pathol 1990; 136: 1053–1061.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Picker LJ, Kishimoto TK, Smith CW, Warnock RA, Butcher EC. ELAM-1 is an adhesion molecule for skin homing T cells. Nature 1991; 349: 796–799.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Berg EL, Yoshino T, Rott LS, et al. The cutaneous lymphocyte antigen is a skin lymphocyte homing receptor for the vascular lectin endothelial cell-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1. J Exp Med 1991; 174: 1461–1466.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Santamaria Babi LF, Picker LJ, Perez Soler MT, et al. Circulating allergen-reactive T cells from patients with atopic dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis express the skin-selective homing receptor, the cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen. J Exp Med 1995; 181: 1935–1940.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Picker LJ, Treer JR, Ferguson-Darnell B, Collins PA, Bergstresser PR, Terstappen LWMM. Control of lymphocyte recirculation in man. III. Differential regulation of the cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen, a tissue selective homing receptor for skin-homing T cells. J Immunol 1993; 150: 1122–1136.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Santamaria Babi LF, Moser R, Perez Soler MT, Picker LJ, Blaser K, Hauser C. The migration of skin-homing T cells across cytokine-activated human endothelial cell layers involves interaction of the cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA), the very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) and the lymphocyte functionassociated antigen-1 (LFA-1). J Immunol 1995;154: 1543–1550.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Heald PW, Yan SL, Edelson RL, Tigelaar R, Picker LJ. Skinselective lymphocyte homing mechanisms in the pathogenesis of leukemic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. J Invest Dermatol 1993; 101: 222–226.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Akdis CA, Akdis M, Simon D, et al. T cells and T cell-derived cytokines as pathogenic factors in the nonallergic form of atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 1999; 113: 628–634.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Barker JNWN, Allen MH, MacDonald DM. Alterations induced in normal human skin by in vivo interferon-γ. Br J Dermatol 1990; 122: 451–458.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Carroll JM, Crompton T, Seery JP, Watt FM. Transgenic mice expressing IFN-γ in the epidermis have eczema, hair hypopigmentation and hair loss. J Invest Dermatol 1997; 108: 412–422.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Williams HC, Burney PG, Hay RJ, et al. The U.K. Working Party's Diagnostic Criteria for Atopic Dermatitis. I. Derivation of a minimum set of discriminators for atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 1994; 131: 383–396.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Wolff K, Kibbi AG, Mihm MC. Basic pathologic reactions of the skin. In: Fitzpatrick TB, ed. Dermatology in general medicine. NewYork: McGraw-Hill Inc. 1993: 66–84.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Trautmann A, Akdis M, Kleeman D, et al. T cell-mediated Fasinduced keratinocyte apoptosis plays a key pathogenetic role in eczematous dermatitis. J Clin Invest 2000; 106: 25–35.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Lynch DH, Ramsdell F, Alderson MR. Fas and FasL in the homostatic regulation of immune responses. Immunol Today 1995; 16: 569–574.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Nagata S, Suda T. Fas and Fas ligand: Lpr and gld mutations. Immunol Today 1995; 16: 39–43.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Fisher GH, Rosenberg FC, Straus SE, et al. Dominant interfering Fas gene mutations impair apoptosis in a human autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. Cell 1995; 81: 935–946.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Akdis M, Trautmann A, Blaser K, Akdis CA. Life span of skin homing T cells in atopic dermatitis: Survival in skin, activation induced apoptosis in peripheral blood. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000; 105: 167.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Simon HU, Blaser K. Inhibition of programmed eosinophil death: A key pathogenic event for eosinophilia. Immunol Today, 1995; 16: 53–55.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Bousquet J, Chanez P, Lacoste JY, et al. Eosinophilic inflammation in asthma. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1033–1039.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Leung DYM. Immunopathology of atopic dermatitis. Springer Semin Immunopathol 1992; 13: 427–440.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Simon HU, Yousefi S, Dommann-Scherrer CC, et al. Expansion Dysregulated apoptosis in atopic dermatitis of cytokine-producing CD4¯CD8¯ T cells associated with abnormal Fas expression and hypereosinophilia. J Exp Med 1996; 183: 1971–1982.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Yamaguchi Y, Suda T, Ohta S, Tominaga K, Miora Y, Kashara T. Analysis of the survival of mature human eosinophils: Interleukin 5 prevents apoptosis in mature human eosinophils. Blood 1991; 78: 2542–2547.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Rothenberg ME, Owen WF, Siberstein DS, et al. Human eosinophils have prolonged survival, enhanced functional properties, and become hypodense when exposed to interleukin 3. J Clin Invest 1988; 81: 1986–1992.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Simon HU, Yousefi S, Schranz C, Schapowal A, Bachert C, Blaser K. Direct demonstration of delayed eosinophil apoptosis as a mechanism causing tissue eosinophilia. J Immunol 1997;158: 3902–3908.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Dent LA, Strath M, Mellor AL, Sanderson CJ. Eosinophilia in transgenic mice expressing interleukin 5.J Exp Med 1990; 172: 1425–1431.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), CH-7270, Davos, Switzerland

    A. Trautmann, M. Akdis, K. Blaser & C. A. Akdis

Authors
  1. A. Trautmann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Akdis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. K. Blaser
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. C. A. Akdis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Trautmann, A., Akdis, M., Blaser, K. et al. Role of dysregulated apoptosis in atopic dermatitis. Apoptosis 5, 425–429 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009620329213

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009620329213

Search

Navigation