Abstract
In a world of high capital mobility, the threat of speculative attack becomes a central issue of macroeconomicpolicy. While “first-generation” and “second-generation” models of speculative attacks both have considerablerelevance to particular financial crises of the 1990s, a “third-generation” model is needed to make sense of thenumber and nature of the emerging market crises of 1997-98. Most of the recent attempts to produce such amodel have argued that the core of the problem lies in the banking system. This paper sketches another candidatefor third-generation crisis modeling—one that emphasizes two facts that have been omitted from formal modelsto date: the role of companies' balance sheets in determining their ability to invest, and that of capital flows inaffecting the real exchange rate.
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Krugman, P. Balance Sheets, the Transfer Problem, and Financial Crises. International Tax and Public Finance 6, 459–472 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008741113074
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008741113074