Abstract
Historians of science generally consider that Darwinism has played an important part in the birth of scientific ecology. Now most 19th century seminal works of the new discipline have been elaborated within a Lamarckian framework. The source of this paradox lies in the double-content of the adaptation concept, considered as a static phenomenon by the ecologists and as a dynamic process by the evolutionists. Although closely related nowadays, as shown by modern evolutionary ecology, the problematics of the fields of research at issue were initially separated.
Keywords
19th Century Dynamic Process Century Seminal Work Evolutionary Ecology Static Phenomenon
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
REFERENCES
- Acot, P. (1983). Darwin et l'écologie. Revue d'Histoire des Sciences 36: 33–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Acot, P. (1988). Histoire de l'écologie. Paris, Presses Universitaires de France.Google Scholar
- Acot, P. and G. Müller (1997). The birth of scientific ecology. In: P. Acot, ed., European Origins of Scientific Ecology (1800–1903). 2 vols. CD-ROM, to be published in the Netherlands, Gordon & Breach.Google Scholar
- Aristotle, History of Animals, books VIII and IX.Google Scholar
- Berdoulay, V. and O. Soubeyran (1991). Lamarck, Darwin et Vidal: aux fondements naturalistes de la géographie humaine. Ann. Géo. 561–562: 617–634; see also the July 1979 special issue of the Revue de Synthèse Historique dedicated to the “Néo-Lamarckiens français”.Google Scholar
- Bonnier, G. (1890). Cultures expérimentales dans les Alpes et les Pyrénées. Revue Générale de Botanique, Tome II.Google Scholar
- Bonnier, G. and C. Flahault (1878). Observations sur les modifications des végétaux suivant les conditions physiques du milieu. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, VIe série, Tome VII.Google Scholar
- Candolle, A. de (1874). constitution dans le règne végétal de groupes physiologiques applicables à la géographie ancienne et moderne. Archieves des Sciences de la Bibliothèque Universelle.Google Scholar
- Coleman, W. (1986). Evolution into ecology? The strategy of Warming's ecological plant geography. Journal of The History of Biology 19: 181–196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Clements, F.E. (1909). Darwin's influence upon plant geography and ecology. The Americam Naturalist XLIII: 143–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Darwin, C. (1859). On the Origin of Species. London, John Murray.Google Scholar
- Darwin, C. (1876). Letter to Moritz wagner, Oct. 13.Google Scholar
- Egerton, F. (1975). Aristotle's population biology. Arethusa 8: 2.Google Scholar
- Egerton, F. (1977). A bibliographical guide to the history of general ecology and population ecology. Hist. Sci. XV: 189–215.Google Scholar
- Grisebach, A.H.R. (1838). Über den Einfluss des Climas auf die Begränzung des Natürlichen Floren. Linnaea 12: 159–200.Google Scholar
- Grisebach, A.H.R. (1872). Die Vegetation der Erde, nach ihrer Klimatischen Auordnung. Leipzig, Engelmann.Google Scholar
- Haeckel, Ė. (1868). Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte. Berlin.Google Scholar
- Haeckel, E. (1870). Über Entwickelungsgang und Aufgabe der Zoologie. Jenaische Zeitschrift für Naturwissenschaft 5: 353–370.Google Scholar
- Hagen, J.B. (1986). Ecologists and taxonomists: Divergent traditions in twentieth century plant geography. Journal of the History of Biology 19: 197–214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Humboldt, A. von (1805). Essai sur la Geographie des Plantes. Paris, Schoell.Google Scholar
- Journal of the History of Biology (1986). Special Issue: Reflections on Ecology and Evolution. 19,2.Google Scholar
- Kerner von Marilaün, A.J.R. (1863). Das Pflanzenleben der Donauländer. Innsbrück, Vierhapper. [English translation by H.S. Conard: The Background of Plant Ecology, the Plants of the Danube Basin. Ames, Iowa State College Press, 1951].Google Scholar
- Limoges, C. (1970). La Sélection Naturelle. Paris, PUF.Google Scholar
- Limoges, C. (1980). De IÉconomie de la Nature aux Ecosystèmes. Spectre 10: 9–14.Google Scholar
- Mayr, E., ed. (1959). Charles Darwin, On the Origin of Species. A fascimile of the first edition (with an introduction by Ernst Mayr). Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
- McIntosh, R.P. (1985). The Background of Ecology. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Mivart, St. G.J. (1880). The relations of living beings to one another. Contemp Rev. 37Google Scholar
- Müller, H. (1883). The Fertilization of Flowers. London, McMillan & Co. [posthumous foreword].Google Scholar
- Stauffer, R.C. (1957). Haeckel, Darwin and Ecology. Quarterly Review of Biology 32: 138–144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Stauffer, R.C. (1960). Ecology in the long manuscript version of Darwin's Origin of Species and Linnaeus' Œconomy of Nature. Proceedings of the Americal Philosophical Society 104: 235–241.Google Scholar
- Vesque, J. (1882). L'espèce végétale considéréé au point de vue de l'anatomie comparée. Annales des Sciences Naturelles VIe série, Tome XIII6: 5–135.Google Scholar
- Vorzimmer, P. (1965). Darwin's ecology and its influence upon his theory. Isis 56,2, no 184: 148–155.Google Scholar
- Vorzimmer, P. (1970). Charles Darwin, the Years of Controversy. Philadelphia, Temple University Press.Google Scholar
- Warming, E. (1895). Plantesamfund, Grundträk af den Ókologiske Plantegeografi. Copenhagen, P.J. Philipsen. First German translation: Lehrbuch der Œkologischen Pflanzengeographie, Eine Einführung in die Kenntniss der Pflanzenvereine. translation by Emil Knoblauch. Berlin, Genrüder Borntraeger, 1896. First English edition, modified and enlarged: Œcology of Plants, An Introduction to the Study of Plant Communities. Trad. and ed. by P. Groom and I.B. Balfour, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1909.Google Scholar
Copyright information
© Kluwer Academic Publishers 1997