Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Sources and Mechanisms of Resistance to Sorghum Head Bug, Eurystylus Immaculatus ODH. In West Africa

  • Research Article
  • Published:
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Sorghum is one of the most important cereal crops in West Africa, and the head bug, Eurystylus immaculatus Odh. (Hemiptera: Miridae) is the key pest of grain sorghum in this region. A range of sorghum genotypes were evaluated for resistance to sorghum head bug at Sotuba (Mali) and Kamboinse (Burkina Faso). Genotypes CSM 388, IS 14332, Malisor 84–7, Sakoika, S 29 and Kamboinse local were resistant to head bugs, both under natural and headcage screening. Head bug resistant genotypes had a lower percentage of head bug damaged grain. The food quality of head bug damaged grain was very poor and unacceptable.

Cultivar non-preference was identified as a component of resistance to head bugs, and CSM 388 was nonpreferred compared to E 35–1. Panicle compactness was positively associated with head bug numbers and grain damage. However, genotypes with loose panicles were also susceptible to bugs. Long glumes (>5 mm), days to glume opening (>20 days after anthesis), >50% covering of the grain by the glumes, and grain hardness contribute towards resistance to Eurystylus immaculatus. This information will be useful for developing a programme to breed for resistance to this insect in West Africa.

Résumé

Divers génotypes de sorgho ont été évalués pour la résistance à la punaise des panicules du sorgho, Eurystylus immaculatus Odh. à Sotuba (Mali) et a Kamboinsé (Burkina Faso). Lés génotypes CSM 388, IS 14332, Malisor 84–7, Sakoika, S 29 et Kamboinsé local étaient relativement résistants aux punaises en criblage naturel ou en cage. Les génotypes résistants à la punaise avaient un pour centage moins élevé de graines endommagées par les punaises. La qualité alimentaire des graines endommagées était trés faible et inacceptable.

La non préférence des cultivars était identifiée comme une composante de la résistance aux punaises. Le CSM 388 était non préféré par rapport au E 35–1. La densité de la panicule était positivement associée avec les nombres de punaises et les dégâts aux graines. Cependant, les génotypes avec des panicules lâches étaient également susceptibles aux punaises. Les glumes longues (>5 mm), le nombre de jours à l’ouverture des glumes (>20 jours après l’anthese), >50% de couverture de la graine par les glumes, ainsi que la dureté de la graine contribuent à la résistance à Eurystylus.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Da S., Akingabala J. O., Rooney I. W., Scheuring J. F. and Miller F. R. (1982) Evaluation of “to” quality in a sorghum breeding program. Proceedings, International Symposium on Sorghum Grain Quality, 28–31 Oct. 1981, ICRISAT Centre, India. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) India, pp. 11–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doumbia Y. O. and Bonzi S. M. (1985) Note sur le problems les insectes de la panicule du sorgho au Mali. Paper presented at the West African Sorghum Network Workshop, 22–24 Oct, 1985. Institut d’Economie Rurale, Bamako, Mali.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hallgren L. and Murty D. S. (1983) A screening test for grain hardness in sorghum employing density grading in sodium nitrate solution. J. Sci. 1: 265–274.

    Google Scholar 

  • McFarlane J. H. (1989) The hemipterous insects and spiders of sorghum panicles in Northern Nigeria. Insect Sci. Applic. 10: 277–284.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nwanze K. F. (1985) Sorghum insect pests in West Africa. Proceedings, International Sorghum Entomology Workshop, 15–21 July 1984. Texas A & M University, Tx., USA. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India, pp. 37–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma H. C. (1985) Screening for host-plant resistance to mirid head bugs. In Proceedings, International Sorghum Entomolgy Workshop, 15–21 July 1984, Texas A & M University, College Station, Tx, USA. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India, pp. 317–336.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma H. C. and Lopez V. F. (1989) Assessment of avoidable losses and economic injury levels for the sorghum head bug, Calocoris angustatus Leth. (Hemiptera: Miridae). Crop Prot. 8: 429–435.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma H. C. and Lopez V. F. (1990a) Biology and population dynamics of sorghum head bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae). Crop Prot. 9: 164–173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma H. C. and Lopez V. F. (1990b) Mechanisms of resistance in sorghum to head bug, Calocoris angustatus. Entomol. exp. appl. 57: 285–294.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma H. C. and Lopez V. F. (1991) Stability of resistance in sorghum to Calocoris angustatus (Hemiptera: Mindae). J. Econ. Entomol. 84: 1088–1094.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma H. C. and Lopez V. F. (1992a) Screening for plant resistance to sorghum head bug, Calocoris angustatus Leth. Insect Sci. Applic. 13: 315–325.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma H. C. and Lopez V. F. (1992b) Genotypic resistance in sorghum to head bug, Calocoris angustatus. Euphytica. 58: 193–200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma H. C., Doumbia Y. O. and Dioriso N. Y. (1992) A headcage technique to screen for resistance to mirid head bug, Eurystylus immaculatus Odh. in West Africa. Insect Sci. Applic. 13: 417–427.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steck G. J., Teetes G. L. and Maiga S. D. (1989) Species composition and injury to sorghum by panicle feeding bugs in Niger. Insect Sci. Applic. 10: 199–217.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Iternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, A.P., 502 324, India

    H. C. Sharma

  2. Institut d’Economie Rurale, Station de Recherches sur les Cultures Vivrieres et Oleagineuse, B.P. 438, Sotuba, Mali

    Y. O. Doumbia, M. Haidara, J. F. Scheuring & N. F. Beninati

  3. West African Sorghum Improvement Program, ICRISAT, Bamako, Mali

    K. V. Ramaiah

Authors
  1. H. C. Sharma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Y. O. Doumbia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. Haidara
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. J. F. Scheuring
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. K. V. Ramaiah
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. N. F. Beninati
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sharma, H.C., Doumbia, Y.O., Haidara, M. et al. Sources and Mechanisms of Resistance to Sorghum Head Bug, Eurystylus Immaculatus ODH. In West Africa. Int J Trop Insect Sci 15, 39–48 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1017/S174275840001674X

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S174275840001674X

Keywords

Search

Navigation