Abstract
Termite damage to annual crops on smallscale farms was surveyed in eight areas in southern Malawi during 1989/90 to 1991/92. The most frequently grown crop was maize, followed by pigeonpeas, Phaseolus beans, cotton, cowpea and groundnuts. Twenty-seven species of termites were found attacking crops. The most numerous and widely distributed were several species of the Macrotermitinae, including Ancistrotermes latinotus, four species of Macrotermes, four species of Microtermes, three species of Odontotermes and Pseudacanthotermes militaris. All species damaged maize but only a few damaged bambara, cassava and banana. The damage appeared to be more frequent in dry areas than in wet ones.
Résumé
Une enquête relative aux dégâts des termites sur les récoltes annuelles au niveau des petites exploitations a été menée dans huit localités au Sud du Malawi, au cours des périodes culturales de 1989/90 à 1991/92. Le maïs était la culture la plus fréquente, puis venaient le pois d’Angole, le haricot, le coton, le niébé et l’arachide. Vingt sept espèces de termites s’attaquant aux cultures ont été dénombrées. Les espèces les plus largement répandues et les plus importantes en effectifs appartenaient au groupe de Macrotermitinae dont: Ancistrotermes latinotus, quatre espèces de Macrotermes, quatre espèces de Microtermes, trois espèces d’Odontotermes et Pseudacanthotermes militaris. Toutes les espèces s’attaquaient au maïs, mais peu d’entre elles se nourrissaient sur le bambara, le manioc et le bananier. Les dégâts étaient plus fréquents dans les zones sèches que dans les zones à forte pluviométrie.
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Munthali, D.C., Logan, J.W.M., Wood, T.G. et al. Termite Distribution and Damage to Crops on Smallholder Farms in Southern Malawi. Int J Trop Insect Sci 19, 43–49 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1017/S174275840001657X
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S174275840001657X

