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Comparative Life Table Statistics of Exochomus Flaviventris Reared on the Cassava Mealybug, Phenacoccus Manihoti, Fed on Four Host Plants

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Abstract

The demographic statistics of the ladybird Exochomus flaviventris Mader (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were investigated under laboratory conditions on the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae), reared on four host plants with different levels of antibiotic resistance to the mealybug: two cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz, Euphorbiaceae) varieties, Incoza and Zanaga, Faux-Caoutchouc (FC) (hybrid of M. esculenta × M. glaziovii Muel. Arg.) and water weed (Talinum triangulare Jack, Portulacacae). Preimaginal mortality, mean oviposition time and total fecundity of female ladybirds were strongly affected by the host plant even though there was no linkage with antibiotic resistance. The net reproduction rates RQ of the predator were 1.5, 1.7 and 2.4 times higher on Zanaga than on water weed, Incoza and FC respectively, and the generation time (T) was significantly longer on Zanaga than on the other three plants. The intrinsic rate of increase rm was not modified by the antibiotic resistance of the host plants. With the two cassava varieties, Incoza and Zanaga, it was found that antibiosis significantly affected the life history parameters of the ladybird without modifying its fitness, and provided better cassava mealybug control.

Résumé

Les statistiques démographiques d’Exochomus flaviventris Mader (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) ont été étudiées, en conditions de laboratoire, sur la cochenille du manioc Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae), élevée sur 4 plantes hôtes caractérisées par différents niveaux de résistance antibiotique à la cochenille: deux variétés de manioc, Incoza et Zanaga (Manihot esculenta Crantz, Euphorbiaceae), le Faux-Caoutchouc (FC) (hybride de M. esculenta × M. glaziovii Muel. Arg.) et le Talinum (Talinum triangulare Jack, Portulacacae). La mortalité préimaginale, la durée moyenne d’oviposition et la fécondité totale des femelles de la coccinelle sont fortement influencées par la plante hôte même si aucun lien n’a pu être établit avec la résistance antibiotique. Les taux net de reproduction Ro du prédateur sont respectivement, 1,5,1,7 et 2,4 fois plus élevés sur Zanaga que sur Talinum, Incoza et FC, et le temps de génération (T) est significativement plus long sur Zanaga que sur les trois autres plantes. Le taux intrinsèque d’accroissement naturel rm n’est pas modifié par la résistance antibiotique des plantes. Si l’on ne considère que les 2 variétés de manioc, Incoza et Zanaga, on constate que l’antibiose influence significativement les paramètres de la table de vie de la coccinelle sans modifier son succès reproducteur et permet une meilleure régulation de la cochenille farineuse du manioc.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire d’Entomologie Appliquée, IRD/ORSTOM, BP 1286, Pointe Noire, Congo

    B. R. Le Rü & A. Mitsipa

  2. International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, 00506, Kenya

    B. R. Le Rü

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  1. B. R. Le Rü
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  2. A. Mitsipa
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Correspondence to B. R. Le Rü.

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Le Rü, B.R., Mitsipa, A. Comparative Life Table Statistics of Exochomus Flaviventris Reared on the Cassava Mealybug, Phenacoccus Manihoti, Fed on Four Host Plants. Int J Trop Insect Sci 22, 175–182 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758400012029

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