Skip to main content
Log in

Recent Advances in the Systematics of Phlebotomine Sandflies

  • Special Section Leishmaniasis Epidemiology
  • Published:
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The systematics of phlebotomine sandflies have significantly advanced in the last two decades through the incorporation of a growing body of information on the biology of sandflies and the introduction of new techniques: chromosome analysis, enzyme electrophoresis, detailed morphological studies, laboratory rearing and colonization, and multivariate morphometries. These techniques have been used mainly in the study of intra-specific variation of vector species. The rôle of sandfly systematics in the epidemiology of leishmaniasis is discussed.

Résumé

La systématique des phlébotomes a fait des progrès significatif pendant les deux déceunies dernières grâce à l’élaboration d’une quantité croissante d’information sur la biologie des phlébotomes et l’introduction des techniques nouvelles: l’analyse des chromosomes, l’électrophorèse enzymatique, les études morphologiques détaillées, l’élevage des stades pré-imaginaux et la colonisation an laboratoire, et la morphométrique multivariable. On a employé ces techniques surtout pour l’étude de la variation intro-spécifique des espèces vecteurs. L’auteur diseuse le rôle de la systématique des phlébotomes dans l’épidémiologie des leishmanioses.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abonnenc E. (1956) L’oeuf et les formes larvaires de trois Phlébotomes africains: P. freetownensis sudanicus Theodor, 1933 P. freetownensis magnus Sinton, 1932 et P. schwetzi Adler, Theodor et Parrot, 1929, 1929. Archs Inst. Pasteur Alger. 34, 540–549.

    Google Scholar 

  • Abonnenc E. (1972) Les phlébotomes de la région éthiopienne (Diptera: Psychodidae). Mèm. ORSTOM No. 55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Abonnenc E. and Leger N. (1976) Sur une classification rationelle des Dipteres Phlebotomidae. Cah. ORSTOM Ent. Mèd. 14, 69–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adler S. O. and Theodor O. (1926) On the minutas group of the genus Phlebotomus. Bull. ent. Res. 16, 399–405.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Artemiev M. M. (1980) A revision of sandflies of the subgenus Adlerius (Diptera: Phlebotominae, Phle botomus). Zool. Zh. 59, 1177–1192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Artemiev M. M. (1982) The taxonomic status of Asiatic sandflies of the subgenus Sergentomyia (Diptera, Phlebotominae). Zoot. Zh. 61, 1359–1371.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barretto M. P. (1962) Novos subgêneros de Lutzomyia Fanca, 1924 (Psychodidae, subfamilia Phlebotominae). Rev. Inst. Med. trop. São Paulo 4, 91–100.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Belazzoug S., Mahzoul D., Addadi K. and Dedet J. P. (1982) Sergentomyia minuta parroti (Adler et Theodor, 1927) en Algérie (Diptera: Psychodidae). Annls Parasit. 57, 621–630.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chaika S. Y. (1975) Electron microscopic investigation of the olfactory sensilla of the sandflies (Diptera: Phlebotomidae). In Proceedings of the 2nd All-Union Symposium on Insect Chemoreception, Vilnius, pp. 69–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Çhaika S. Y. (1977) The ultrastructural organisation of the contact chemoreceptory sensilla of phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Phlebotomidae). Nauch. Dokl. Vyssh. Shkoly, Biol. Nauk. 11, 48–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davidson I. H. (1986) The Sergentomyia bedfordi species group in the Afrotropical Region. Ent. Soc. sth Afr. In press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Déliai R., Baccetti B. and Sabatinelli G. (1984) The spermatozoon of three species of Phlebotomus (Phlebotominae) and the acrosomal evolution in nematoceran Dipterans. Int. J. Insect Morphol. Embryol. 13, 1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duckhouse D. A. and Lewis D. J. (1980) Family Psychodidae. In Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region (Edited by Crosskey R. W.), pp. 93–105. British Museum (Natural History), London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fairchild G. B. (1955) The relationships and classification of the Phlebotominae (Diptera: Psychodidae). Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 48, 182–196.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forattini O. P. (1973) Entomologica Médica. 4. Psychodidae. Phlebotominae. Leishmanioses. Bartonelose. Blucher, São Paulo.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanson W. J. (1961) The immature stages of the sub-family Phlebotominae in Panama (Diptera: Psychodidae). University of Kansas, PhD. thesis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirk R. and Lewis D. J. (1951) Phlebotominae of the Ethiopian Region. Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 102, 383–510.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lainson R. and Shaw J. J. (1979) The role of animals in the epidemiology of South American Leishmaniasis. In Biology of the Kinetoplastida (Edited by Lumsden W. H. R. and Evans D. A.), Vol. 2, pp. 1–116. Academic Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lane R. P. and Marshall J. (1981) Geographic variation, races and subspecies In The Evolving Biosphere (Edited by Forey P. L.), pp. 9–19. British Museum (Natural History), London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lane R. P. and Ready P. D. (1985) On distinguishing the female of Psychodopygus wellcomei, a vector of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, from other squamiventris series females II Multivariate discrimination of Ps. wellcomei and Ps. complexus. Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. In press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lane R. P. and Ward R. D. (1985) The morphology and possible function of abdominal patches in two forms of the leishmaniasis vector Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Phlebotominae). Cah. ORSTOM Sér ent. méd. Parasit. In press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leger N., Pesson B., Madulo-Leblond G. and Abonnenc E. (1983) Sur la différenciation des femelles du sous-genre Larroussius Nitzulescu 1931 (Diptera: Phlebotomindae) de la région méditerranéenne. Annls Parasit, hum. comp. 58, 611–623.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis D. J. (1971) Phlebotomid sandflies. Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 44, 535–551.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis D. J. (1973) Phlebotomidae and Psychodidae. In Insects and Other Arthropods of Medical Importance (Edited by Smith K. G. V.), pp. 159–179. British Museum (Natural History), London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis D. J. (1975) Functional morphology of the mouth parts in New World phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae). Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 126, 497–532.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis D. J. (1978) The phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of the Oriental Region. Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. Ent. 37, 217–343.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis D. J. (1982) A taxonomic review of the genus Phlebotomus (Diptera: Psychodidae). Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. Ent. 45, 121–209.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis D. J. and Dyce A. (1986) The Australasian species of the genus Sergentomyia (Diptera: Psychodidae). Aust. J. Zool. In press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis D. J., Young D. G., Fairchild G. B. and Minter D. M. (1977) Proposals for a stable classification of Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae). Syst. Ent. 2, 319–332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martins A. V., Williams P. and Falcao A. L. (1978) American Sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phle botominae). Academia Brasiliera de Ciencias, Rio de Janeiro.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mery A., Pasteur N., Trouillet J. and Vattier-Bernard G. (1983) Polymorphisme des Phosphoglucoisomerases chez quelques Phlébotomes Africains. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 11, 63–66.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miles M. and Ward R. D. (1978) Preliminary isoenzyme studies on Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae). Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 72, 398–399.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perfil’ev P. P. (1968) Phlebotomidae. Translation of Perfil’ev, 1966 Diptera: Family Phlebotomidae. Fauna SSSR 93, 1–382.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petersen J. (1982) Preliminary survey of isoenzyme variation in anthropophilic Panamanian Lutzomyia species. In Biochemical Characterisation of Leishmania (Edited by Chance M. L. and Walton B. C.), pp. 104–114. UNDP/World Bank/WHO, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ready P. D., Fraiha H., Lainson R. and Shaw J. J. (1980) Psychodopygus as a genus: reasons for a flexible classification of the phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae). J. med. Ent. 17, 75–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rhodendorf A. A. (1964) Historical development of twowinged insects. Trudy Paleont. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSR 100, 312.

    Google Scholar 

  • Theodor O. (1958) Psychodidae-Phlebotominae. Fleigen Paldearkt. Reg. 9c, 1–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Theodor O. (1965) On the classification of American Phlebotominae. J. med. Ent., Honolulu 1, 171–197.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tibayrenc M., Carriou M. L., Corneau B. and Pajot F. X. (1980) Étude allozymique chez Lutzomyia umbratilis (Diptera, Psychodidae), vecteur de la leishmaniose en Gyuane française. Cah. ORSTROM Sér. ent. méd. Parasit. 18, 67–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trouillet J. (1979) Sergentomyia (Rondanomyia) ingrami Newstead 1914, Sergentomyia (Rondanomyia) dureni Parrot, 1934 et Sergentomyia hamonia Abonnenc, 1958 (Diptera, Phlebotomidae). Étude morphologique des stades pre-imaginaux et notes bioecologiques. Annls Parasit. 54, 353–373.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ward R. D. (1976) A revised numerical chaetotaxy for Neotropical Phlebotomine sandfly larvae (Diptera: Psychodidae). Syst. Ent. 1, 89–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ward R. D. and Ready P. A. (1975) Chorionic sculpturing in some sandfly eggs (Diptera: Psychodidae). J. Ent. 50, 127–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ward R. D., Bettini S., Maroli M., McGarry J. W. and Draper A. (1981a) Phosphoglucomutase polymorphism in Phlebotomus perfiliewi perfiliewi Parrot (Diptera: Psychodidae) from central and northern Italy. Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 75, 653–661.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ward R. D., Pasteur N. and Rioux J. A. (1981b) Electrophoretic studies on genetic polymorphism and differentiation of phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from France and Tunisia. Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 75, 235–245.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ward R. D., Ribeiro A. L., Ready P. D. and Murtagh A. (1983) Reproductive isolation between different forms of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva), (Diptera: Psychodidae), the vector of Leishmania donovani chagasi Cuhna & Chagas and its significance to kala-azar distribution in South America. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 78, 269–280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • White G. B. and Killick-Kendrick R. (1975) Polyteng chromosomes of the sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis and the cytogenetics of Psychodidae in relation to other Diptera. J. Ent. 50, 187–196.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO (World Health Organization) (1977) Scientific working group on leishmaniases: report of the first meeting. Unpublished document TDR/LEISH-SWG(l)/77.3, World Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO (World Health Organization) (1984) The Leishmaniases. Technical report No. 701. World Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • Young D. G. and Fairchild G. B. (1974) Studies of Phlebotomine sandflies. University of Florida, Gainesville. Annual Report U.S. Army Contract DADA 17-72-C-2139 (unpublished).

    Google Scholar 

  • Young D. G. and Perkins P. V. (1984) Phlebotomine sandflies of North America (Diptera: Psychodidae). Mosquito News 44, 263–304.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zimmerman J. H., Newson H. D., Hooper G. R. and Christensen H. A. (1977) A comparison of the egg surface structure of six anthropophilic phlebotomine sandflies Lutzomyia with the scanning electron microscope (Diptera: Psychodidae). J. med. Ent. 13, 574–579.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lane, R.P. Recent Advances in the Systematics of Phlebotomine Sandflies. Int J Trop Insect Sci 7, 225–230 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758400008997

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758400008997

Key Words

Mots Clés

Navigation