Abstract
The influence of three cultivars of Sorghum bicolor (L.) on the activity of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae on the stemborer Chilo partellus was investigated in the field and laboratory. Fungal activity in the field varied with the plant cultivar and the inoculum concentration. Larvae fed on different cultivars and inoculated with the fungus in the laboratory did not vary in their susceptibility to the pathogen. However, time to 50% mortality (LT50) of the larvae was shorter in cultivar IS 1044 than in cultivars ICS 3 and ICS 4. Compatibility of the fungus with cultivars is therefore an important consideration when using fungi for the biological control of stemborers.
Résumé
L’influence de trois variétés de Sorghum bicolor (L.) sur l’activité du champignon entomopathogène, Metarhizium anispoliae à l’égard du foreur de tige, Chilo partellus a été étudiée au laboratoire et en plein champ. L’activité pathogène du champignon variait en fonction de la plante hôte et la concentration de l’inoculum. La susceptibilité au pathogène des larves élevées sur différentes variétés, puis traitées avec le champignon au laboratoire, n’était pas significativement différente. Cependant, le temps léthal 50% (LT50) des larves était plus court avec la variété IS 1044 qu’avec les variétés ICS 3 et ICS 4. Par conséquent, la compatibilité entre le pathogène et la plante hôte est un aspect important dont faut tenir compte dans le développement des champignons entomopathogènes pour la lutte contre le foreur des tige.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abbott W. S. (1925) A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. J. Earn. Entomol. 18, 265–267.
Bartlett K. A. and Lefebvre C. L. (1934) Field experiments with Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., a fungus attacking the European com borer. J. Econ. Entomol. 27, 1147–1157.
Benz G. (1987) Environment, pp. 177–214. In Epizootiology of Insect Diseases (Edited by J. R. Fuxa and Y. Tanada). Wiley, New York.
Chapman R. F. and Woodhead S. (1985) Insect behaviour in sorghum resistance mechanisms, pp. 137–147. In Proceedings of the International Sorghum Entomology Workshop, 15–21 July 1984, Texas.
Costa S. D. and Gaugler R. (1989a) Influence of Solanum host plants on Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) susceptibility to the entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana. Environ. Entomol. 18, 531–536.
Costa S. D. and Gaugler R. (1989b) Sensitivity of Beauveria bassiana to solanine and tomatine: Plant defensive chemicals inhibit an insect pathogen. J. Chemic. Ecol. 15, 697–706.
Fargues J. and Maniania N. K. (1992) Variabilité de la sensibilité de Spodoptera littoralis (Lep.: Noctuidae) à l’hyphomycète entomopathogène Nomuraea rileyi. Entomophaga 37, 545–554.
Feng Z., Carruthers R. I. and Larkin T. S. (1988) A phenology model and field evaluation of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuillemin (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomy cetes) mycosis of die European com borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Can. Entomol. 120, 133–144.
Ferron P. (1978) Biological control of insect pests by entomogenous fungi. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 23, 409–442.
Hare J. D. and Andreadis T. G. (1983) Variation in the susceptibility of Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) when reared on different host plants to the fungal pathogen Beauveria bassiana in the field and laboratory. Environ. Entomol. 12, 1892–1897.
Kushner D. J. and Harvey G. T. (1962) Antibacterial substances in leaves: Their possible role in insect resistance to diseases. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 4, 155–184.
Lwande W. and Bentley M. D. (1987) Volatiles of Sorghum bicolor seedlings. J. Nat. Products 50, 950–952.
Maniania N. K. (1992) Pathogenicity of entomogenous fungi (Hyphomycetes ) to larvae of stem borers, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) and Busseola fusca Fuller. Insect Sci. Applic. 13, 691–696.
Maniania N. K. (1993) Effectiveness of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. for control of the stem borer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in maize in Kenya. Crop Protection 12, 601–604.
Maniania N. K. and Fargues J. (1984) Spécificité des Hyphomycètes entomopathogènes pour les larves de lépidoptères Noctuidae. Entomophaga 29, 451–464.
Maniania N. K., Okello R. O., Oluoch R. O. and Akinyi J. (1993) Field evaluation of conidia and pre-germinated conidia of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. for the control of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe). J. Plant Prot. Trop. 10, 131–136.
Maniania N. K., Okello R. O., Oluoch R. O. and Odero T. A. (1994) Potential of entomopathogenic hyphomycetes (Deuteromycotina) fungi for the control of the stem borer Chilo partellus (Lep., Pyralidae). J. Afr. Zool. 108, 529–536.
Ochieng R. S., Onyango F. O. and Bungu M. D. O. (1985) Improvement of techniques for mass culture of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe). Insect Sci. Applic. 6, 425–428.
Ramoska W. A. and Todd T. (1985) Variation in efficacy and viability of Beauveria bassiana in the chinch bug (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) as result of feeding activity on selected host plants. Environ. Entomol. 14, 146–148.
Smirnoff W. A. (1972) Effects of volatile substances released by foliage of Abies balsamea. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 19, 32–35.
Wariu C. M. and Kuria J. N. (1983) Population incidence and the control of maize stalk borers Chilo partellus (Swinhoe), C. orichalcociliellus Strand and Sesamia calamistis Hmps in Coast Province, Kenya. Insect Sci. Applic. 4, 11–18.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Maniania, N.K., Saxena, K.N. & Odulaja, A. Influence of Three Sorghum Cultivars on the Activity of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. against Chilo partellus (Swinhoe). Int J Trop Insect Sci 18, 45–52 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758400007451
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758400007451
Key Words
- Sorghum bicolor
- cultivar
- host plant
- stemborer
- Chilo partellus
- fungus
- Metarhizium anisopliae
- compatibility