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Varietal Resistance in Sorghum to Midge, Contarinia sorghicola Coquillett (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

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Abstract

The midge, Contarinia sorghicola Coquillett, is a major pest of grain sorghum in many areas of Asia, Africa, Australia, Europe and America. Literature documenting the status of research on the biology, behaviour, and field and cage screening techniques is reviewed. Numerous germplasm entries have been evaluated and many resistant sources are identified from various midge screening programmes. A high degree of resistance was found in nine working groups viz., Caudatum, Durra, Caudatum/Nigricans-Zerazera, Caudatum/Kafir (Hegari), Nigricans, Caffrorum-Darso, Durra-Nigricans, Durra-Nandyal and Caudatum-Bicolor. The identified resistant sources and the midge resistant varieties released from the breeding programmes are listed. Studies on the mechanisms of resistance showed predominance of antixenosis for oviposition over adult attraction and variable degrees of antibiosis. The morphological characters and biochemical factors associated with resistance have been explored. Short and compact glumes which remain closed during anthesis conferred resistance. The tannin content in the ripening sorghum grain is related to resistance against the larva. The inheritance of resistance showed quantitative nature. The open and closed glume character expression indicated its dominance and recessiveness, respectively. Short glume character can be used as an useful genetic marker. Pedigree and modified pedigree breeding systems were suggested to transfer high level of midge resistance into agronomically acceptable types for selection and hybridization.

Résumé

La moustique, Contarinia sorghicola Coq., est une major peste la grain sorgho dans la beaucoup de regions la Asie, Afrique, Australia, European et American continents. Une chronologique revue des progres rendered sur la divers programme due biologie, comportement et rapport de biologie, terrain et cage techniques de control est discute. Nombreux germplasm entree ont evaluaté et nombre sources de résistance sont identifie de moustique programmé de contrôle. Une résistance elevate degree a ete decouvert dan le neuf groupe, par example, Caudatum, Durra, Caudatum/Nigricans-Zerazera, Caudatum/Kafir (Hegari), Nigricans, Caffrorum-Darso, Durra-Nigricans, Durra-Nandyal et Caudatum-Bicolor. La source de résistance et moustique résistance variete relaché par le programmé de séléction son listé. Etude sur la mécanismes de resistance depicte prédominance du antixénosis pour la oviposition plus de adulte attraction et variable degree due antibose. Les traits morphologique et biochimique associaté avec la résistance sont explore. Petite et compact de glume qu close restant durant anthesis confere la résistance. La content dé tannin dan la maturité grain sorgho e relate au résistance contra le larvae. L’inheritance de résistance depicte polygenic nature. La expression de ouvert et ferme trait la glume indicate ils dominance e récessivite, respectivement. La trait de petite glume peut employ comme le indicateur de genetique. Pedigré et modifie pedigré systéme du selection sont recommende pour la transfer moustique résistance dan la variete utilé agronomique pour la séléction et hybridization.

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    B. U. Singh

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Singh, B.U. Varietal Resistance in Sorghum to Midge, Contarinia sorghicola Coquillett (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Int J Trop Insect Sci 8, 129–144 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1017/S174275840000713X

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