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Scoliosis-Associated Cervical Spine Pathologies

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Abstract

Study Design

A total of 126 scoliosis patients admitted to the hospital were screened for concomitant cervical pathologies.

Objectives

To investigate the prevalence of cervical spine pathologies and the clinical relevance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of patients with neuromuscular, congenital, syndromic, and idiopathic scoliosis.

Background Summary

With the development of MRI, upper neural axis abnormalities such as syringomyelia and Chiari malformation are increasingly being found in patients with scoliosis, but no report in the literature describes other pathologies in the cervical area seen concomitant with different scoliosis types.

Methods

A total of 126 consecutive patients who were classified as having neuromuscular, congenital, syndromic, and idiopathic scoliosis were retrospectively evaluated. Data regarding cervical neural axis abnormalities obtained from the MRI studies were analyzed and classified into each type of scoliosis group.

Results

A total of 126 patients with scoliosis were evaluated for hindbrain and cervical spine anomalies. Patients were divided into 4 groups regarding the type of scoliosis. The cervical spine of all patients was evaluated with MRI and other radiologic methods when needed. The most frequently seen pathology was syringomyelia. Other pathologies found included congenital vertebral anomalies, Chiari malformation, arachnoid cyst, atlanto-axial dissociation, split cord, posterior vertebral fusion, vertebral hypoplasia, neurenteric cyst,myelomalacia, dermoid cyst, and decrease in craniovertebral angle. Cervical pathologies were most frequently seen in neuromuscular scoliosis, followed by congenital and syndromic groups.

Conclusions

Cervical spinal pathologies vary according to the type of scoliosis. The number of cervical spinal pathologies diagnosed in idiopathic scoliosis patients was least compared with neuromuscular and syndromic groups. The most common pathology was syringomyelia, followed by congenital vertebral anomalies and cerebral tonsillar hernia. Preoperative MRI scan provides vital information regarding cervical spinal pathologies encountered in scoliosis patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Disease of the Spine Surgery Group, Metin Sabanci Baltalimani Disease of the Bone Education and Research Hospital, Rumeli Hisari cd No: 62, 34470, Baltalimani Istanbul, Turkey

    Mehmet B. Balioğlu MD, Akif Albayrak MD, Yunus Atıcı MDa, Mehmet T. Tacal MD & Mehmet A. Kaygusuz MD

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Kafkas University, School of Medicine, Kafkas Universitesi Kampusu Saglik Arastirma ve Uygulama Hastanesi, 36100, Kars, Turkey

    Can H. Yıldırım MD, Miktat Kaya MD, Erol Taşdemiroğlu MD & Aytaç Akbasşak MD

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  1. Mehmet B. Balioğlu MD
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  2. Akif Albayrak MD
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  3. Yunus Atıcı MDa
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Correspondence to Mehmet B. Balioğlu MD.

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Author disclosures: MBB (none); AA (none); YA (none); MTT (none); MAK (none); CHY (none); MK (none); ET (none); AA (none).

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Balioğlu, M.B., Albayrak, A., Atıcı, Y. et al. Scoliosis-Associated Cervical Spine Pathologies. Spine Deform 2, 131–142 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspd.2013.11.001

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