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Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Patients With Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumors: An Immunohistochemical Analysis of MMP-1 and MMP-2 Protein Expression in Leiomyoma, Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential, and Leiomyosarcoma

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Abstract

Objective

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been suggested to play an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis. We compared the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-2 protein in patients with leiomyoma, uterine smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP), and leiomyosarcoma (IMS).

Methods

MMP-1 and MMP-2 expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry from paraffin-embedded tissue in 26 patients with leiomyoma, in 24 patients with STUMP, and in 21 patients with IMS.

Results

MMP-1 was expressed in 92% of leiomyomas, in 83% of STUMP, and in 86% |of IMS, whereas MMP-2 was expressed in 12% of leiomyomas, in 17%) of STUMP, and in 48%) of IMS. A statistically significant difference regarding the frequency of MMP-2 expression was observed between IMS and STUMP (P =. 025) as well as between IMS and leiomyoma (P =. 006), but not between STUMP and leiomyoma (P >.05). Likewise, the staining intensity did significantly differ between IMS and leiomyoma (P =. 025), but no statistical significant difference was observed between IMS and STUMP (P >.05) and between STUMP and leiomyoma (P >.05).

Conclusion

The stronger MMP-2 expression in patients with IMS compared with STUMP and leiomyoma indicates that this protein might be a marker for tumor invasion or metastasis in patients with uterine IMS. Furthermore, MMP-2 seems to be a useful immunohistochemical parameter to distinguish cases of smooth muscle tumors in which histologic features are ambiguous or borderline}. {tiFurther studies including larger numbers of patients are necessary to establish MMP-2 as a routine marker for tumor invasion and progression, (J Soc Gynecol Investig 2004;11:182-86)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anesthesiology, and Gynecopathology, University of Vienna Medical School, A-1090, Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Austria

    B. Bodner-Adler MD, K. Bodner MD, O. Kimberger MD, K. Czerwenka MD, S. Leodolter MD & K. Mayerhofer MD

Authors
  1. B. Bodner-Adler MD
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  2. K. Bodner MD
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  3. O. Kimberger MD
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  4. K. Czerwenka MD
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  5. S. Leodolter MD
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  6. K. Mayerhofer MD
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Correspondence to B. Bodner-Adler MD.

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Bodner-Adler, B., Bodner, K., Kimberger, O. et al. Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Patients With Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumors: An Immunohistochemical Analysis of MMP-1 and MMP-2 Protein Expression in Leiomyoma, Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential, and Leiomyosarcoma. Reprod. Sci. 11, 182–186 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsgi.2003.09.004

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