Abstract
Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson, Verbenaceae, is considered a great source of a bioactive volatile oil. Due to the wide range of known chemotypes, its chemical analysis is very important. Among the several activities of this volatile oil, a potential larvicidal action against Culicidae species is highlighted. However, the low water miscibility of volatile oils limits their application in aqueous media. Oil in water nano-emulsions are in the spotlight of novelty to solve this main problem. Thus, the aim of the present study was to obtain this nanostructured system with L. alba volatile oil (citral chemotype) and evaluate its larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. The major compounds were geranial (30.02%) and neral (25.26%). Low mean droplet size (117.0±1.0 nm) and low polydispersity index (0.231 ±0.004) were observed and no major changes were observed after seven days of storage. LC50 values against C. quinquefasciatus and A. aegypti third-instar larvae were respectively 38.22 and 31.02 ppm, while LC90 values were, respectively, 59.42 and 47.19 ppm. The present study makes use of a low energy, solvent-free and ecofriendly method with reduced costs. Thus, this paper contributes significantly to phyto-nanobiotechnology of larvicidal agents, opening perspectives for the utilization of L. alba volatile oil in integrated practices of vector control.
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RMAF runned the laboratorial work as part of his academic thesis and drafted the manuscript. JLD and AEMFMO contributed to the nano-emulsion preparation and characterization. RASC contributed to the statistical analysis. RSA and JCTC contributed to analysis of data. RHVM contributed to volatile oil extraction and characterization. RNPS and CPF are advisors of the doctorate student, conceived and supervised the study, analyzed the data, drafted and revised the manuscript.
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Ferreira, R.M.A., Duarte, J.L., Cruz, R.A.S. et al. A herbal oil in water nano-emulsion prepared through an ecofriendly approach affects two tropical disease vectors. Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. 29, 778–784 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2019.05.003
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2019.05.003