Abstract
Biofilm has a primary role in the pathogenesis of diseases and in the attachment of multicellular organisms to a fouled surface. Because of that, the control of bacterial biofilms has been identified as an important target. In the present study, five lipid compounds isolated from soft coral Eunicea sp. and three terpenoids together with a mixture of sterols from Eunicea fusca collected at the Colombian Caribbean Sea showed different effectiveness against biofilm formation by three marine bacteria associated with immersed fouled surfaces, Ochrobactrum pseudogringnonense, Alteromona macleodii and Vibrio harveyi, and against two known biofilm forming bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The pure compounds were characterized by NMR, HRESI-MS, HRGC-MS and optical rotation. The most effective compounds were batyl alcohol (1) and fuscoside E peracetate (6), acting against four strains without affecting their microbial growth. Compound 1 showed biofilm inhibition greater than 30% against A. macleodii, and up to 60% against O. pseudogringnonense, V. harveyi and S. aureus. Compound 6 inhibited O. pseudogringnonense and V. harveyi between 25 and 50%, and P. aeruginosa or S. aureus up to 60% at 0.5 mg/ml. The results suggest that these compounds exhibit specific biofilm inhibition with lower antimicrobial effect against the bacterial species assayed.
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Acknowledgment
This work was supported by Universidad Nacional de Colombia [grant number 5815/2012 and 20406/2014], and Colciencias [grant number 1101-521-28468/2011]. The Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial granted permission for research on marine organisms [No. 4 of 10/02/2010, and No. 0306 of 22/02/2011]. The authors are grateful to professors Sven Zea, Monica Puyana and Edisson Tello.
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YRMD (MSc student) performed inhibitions assays and biofilm formation. GPVL and LERG were responsible for running the experimental work. HMW supervised the laboratory work and contributed to preparation of the paper. CAF supervised the laboratory work and contributed to the biological studies. FARR supervised the laboratory work and contributed to critical reading of the manuscript. CDB contributed with study design and supervised the research project. LCH supervised the research project as head of the research team, and contributed to critical reading of the manuscript. All the authors have read the final manuscript and approved its submission.
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Díaz, Y.M., Laverde, G.V., Gamba, L.R. et al. Biofilm inhibition activity of compounds isolated from two Eunicea species collected at the Caribbean Sea. Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. 25, 605–611 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.08.007
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.08.007