Abstract
The use of cell and plant tissue culture techniques to produce economically important active metabolites has been growing. Among these substances are total limonoid aglycones, which are produced by “pera” orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, Rutaceae) and have received considerable attention because of their anticancer actions. The main objective of the present study was to analyze and compare the levels of limonoid aglycones in seeds, callus cultures (originating from seeds), callus cultures (originating from hypocotyls), cell suspensions from hypocotyls cells, and cell suspensions from cotyledons. The cell cultures or C. sinensis were obtained by inoculating two strains of callus in MS medium supplemented with 2.0 (xM 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 7.0 (xM benzyl aminopurine, and 3% (w/v) sucrose in the dark. The highest concentrations of limonoid aglycone that were obtained were observed in cotyledon cell lines (240 mg/100 g dry weight) that were produced on day 21 of culture and hypocotyl cell lines on day 7(210 mg/100 g dry weight). Explants of different origins under the same culture conditions had different limonoid aglycone content. The present results may suggest strategies for enhancing the productivity of biologically important limonoid aglycones and investigating the complex pathways of these secondary metabolites in plant tissue cultures.
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Acknowledgements
We thank CNPq and CAPES for financial support. We also thank Dr. Eliezer Rodrigues Souto, Department of Agronomy, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil, for allowing us to use his laboratory for the induction and maintenance of callus cultures of C. sinensis.
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EFG (Ph.D. student) and ERS contributed to the running of the plant cell culture laboratory work and analysis. EFG and APSF contributed to MS, NMR and colorimetric date analysis and discussion. TCPC (undergraduate student) contributed to maintenance and cultivation of plant cell cultures and phytochemical work. AJBO wrote manuscript. RACG contributed to critical reading of the manuscript. AJBO and RACG designed the study, supervised the laboratory work and contributed to the critical reading of the manuscript. All the authors have read the final manuscript and approved submission.All authors read and approved the final manuscript submission.
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Gerolino, E.F., Chierrito, T.P.C., Filho, A.S. et al. Evaluation of limonoid production in suspension cell culture of Citrus sinensis. Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. 25, 455–461 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.05.008
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.05.008