Abstract
The noncovalent binding of various peptide ligands to pp60src (Src) SH2 (Src homology 2) domain protein (12.9 ku) has been used as a model system for development of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) as a tool to study noncovalently bound complexes. SH2 motifs in proteins are critical in the signal transduction pathways of the tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors and recognize phosphotyrosine-containing proteins and peptides. ESI-MS with a magnetic sector instrument and array detection has been used to detect the protein-peptide complex with low-picomole sensitivity. The relative abundances of the multiply charged ions for the complex formed between Src SH2 protein and several nonphosphorylated and phosphorylated peptides have been compared. The mass spectrometry data correlate well to the measured binding constants derived from solution-based methods, indicating that the mass spectrometry-based method can be used to assess the affinity of such interactions. Solution-phase equilibrium constants may be determined by measuring the amount of bound and unbound species as a function of concentration for construction of a Scatchard graph. ESI-MS of a solution containing Src SH2 with a mixture of phosphopeptides showed the expected protein-phosphopeptide complex as the dominant species in the mass spectrum, demonstrating the method’s potential for screening mixtures from peptide libraries.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Neurath, H. Protein Sci. 1995, 4, 1939–1943.
Fenn, J. B.; Mann, M.; Meng, C. K.; Wong, S. F.; Whitehouse, C. M. Science 1989, 246, 64–71.
Smith, R. D.; Loo, J. A.; Edmonds, C. G.; Barinaga, C. J.; Udseth, H. R. Anal. Chem. 1990, 62, 882–899.
Smith, R. D.; Loo, J. A.; Ogorzalek Loo, R. R.; Busman, M.; Udseth, H. R. Mass Spectrom. Rev. 1991, 10, 359–451.
Smith, R. D.; Light-Wahl, K. J. Biol. Mass Spectrom. 1993, 22, 493–501.
Loo, J. A. Bioconjugate Chem. 1995, 6, 644–665.
Ogorzalek Loo, R. R.; Goodlett, D. R.; Smith, R. D.; Loo, J. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 4391–4392.
Loo, J. A.; Holsworth, D. D.; Root-Bernstein, R. S. Biol. Mass Spectrom. 1994, 23, 6–12.
Anderegg, R. J.; Wagner, D. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 1374–1377.
Katta, V.; Chait, B. T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 8534–8535.
Drummond, J. T.; Ogorzalek Loo, R. R.; Matthews, R. G. Biochemistry 1993, 32, 9282–9289.
Light-Wahl, K. J.; Schwartz, B. L.; Smith, R. D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5271–5278.
Schwartz, B. L.; Light-Wahl, K. J.; Smith, R. D. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 1994, 5, 201–204.
Eckart, K.; Spiess, J. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 1995, 6, 912–919.
Loo, J. A. J. Mass Spectrom. 1995, 30, 180–183.
Tang, X.-J.; Brewer, C. F.; Saha, S.; Chernushevich, I.; Ens, W.; Standing, K. G. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 1994, 8, 750–754.
Fitzgerald, M. C.; Chernushevich, I.; Standing, K. G.; Kent, S. B. H.; Whitman, C. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 11075–11080.
Courtneidge, S. A. Seminars Cancer Biol. 1994, 5, 239–246.
Koch, C. A.; Anderson, D.; Moran, M. F.; Ellis, C.; Pawson, T. Science 1991, 252, 668–674.
Kuriyan, J.; Cowburn, D. Curr. Opinions Struct. Biol. 1993, 3, 828–837.
Pawson, T.; Schlessinger, J. Curr. Biol. 1993, 3, 434–442.
Pawson, T. In Advances in Cancer Research, Vol 64; Vandewoude, G. F., Klein, G., Eds.; Academic: San Diego, 1994; pp 87–110.
Pawson, T. Nature 1995, 373, 573–580.
Schlessinger, J.; Ullrich, A. Neuron 1992, 9, 383–391.
Songyang, Z.; Shoelson, S. E.; Chaudhuri, M.; Gish, G.; Pawson, T.; Haser, W. G.; King, F.; Roberts, T.; Ratnofsky, S.; Lechleider, R. J.; Neel, B. G.; Birge, R. B.; Fajardo, J. E.; Chou, M. M.; Hanafusa, H.; Schaffhausen, B.; Cantley, L. C. Cell 1993, 72, 767–778.
Loo, J. A.; Ogorzalek Loo, R. R.; Andrews, P. C. Org. Mass Spectrom. 1993, 28, 1640–1649.
Loo, J. A.; Pesch, R. Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 3659–3663.
Shahripour, A.; Plummer, M. S.; Lunney, E. A.; Para, K. S.; Stankovic, C. J.; Rubin, J. R.; Humblet, C.; Fergus, J. H.; Marks, J. S.; Herrera, R.; Hubbell, S. E.; Saltiel, A. R.; Sawyer, T. K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 1996, 6, 1209–1214.
Guevremont, R.; Siu, K. W. M.; LeBlanc, J. C. Y.; Berman, S. S. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 1991, 3, 216–224.
Schnier, P. D.; Gross, D. S.; Williams, E. R. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 1995, 6, 1086–1097.
Loo, J. A.; Ogorzalek Loo, R. R. Proceedings of the 43rd ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics; Atlanta, GA, 1995; p 235.
Gilmer, T.; Rodriquez, M.; Jordan, S.; Crosby, R.; Alligood, K.; Green, M.; Kimery, M.; Wagner, C.; Kinder, D.; Charifson, P.; Hassell, A. M.; Willard, D.; Luther, M.; Rusnak, D.; Sternbach, D. D.; Mehrotra, M.; Peel, M.; Shampine, L.; Davis, R.; Robbins, J.; Patel, I. R.; Kassel, D.; Burkhart, W.; Moyer, M.; Bradshaw, T.; Berman, J. J. Biol. Chem. 1994, 269, 31711–31719.
Li, Y.-T.; Hsieh, Y.-L.; Henion, J. D.; Ocain, T. D.; Schiehser, G. A.; Ganem, B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 7487–7493.
Hsieh, Y. L.; Li, Y.-T.; Henion, J. D.; Ganem, B. Biol. Mass Spectrom. 1994, 23, 272–276.
Gallop, M. A.; Barrett, R. W.; Dower, W. J.; Fodor, S. P. A.; Gordon, E. M. J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 1233–1251.
Kassel, D. B.; Consler, T. G.; Shalaby, M.; Sekhri, P.; Gordon, N.; Nadler, T. In Techniques in Protein Chemistry VI; Crabb, J. W. Ed.; Academic: San Diego, 1995; pp 39–46.
Chu, Y.-H.; Kirby, D. P.; Karger, B. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 5419–5420.
Cheng, X.; Chen, R.; Bruce, J. E.; Schwartz, B. L.; Anderson, G. A.; Hofstadler, S. A.; Gale, D. C.; Smith, R. D.; Gao, J.; Sigal, G. B.; Mammen, M.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 8859–8860.
Thornton, K. H.; Mueller, W. T.; McConnell, P.; Zhu, G.; Saltiel, A. R.; Thanabal, V. Biochemistry 1996, 35, 11852–11864.
Gao, J.; Cheng, X.; Chen, R.; Sigal, G. B.; Bruce, J. E.; Schwartz, B. L.; Hofstadler, S. A.; Anderson, G. A.; Smith, R. D.; Whitesides, G. M. J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 1949–1955.
Lim, H.-K.; Hsieh, Y. L.; Ganem, B.; Henion, J. J. Mass Spectrom. 1995, 30, 708–714.
Greig, M. J.; Gaus, H.; Cummins, L. L.; Sasmor, H.; Griffey, R. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 10765–10766.
Ladbury, J. E.; Lemmon, M. A.; Zhou, M.; Green, J.; Botfield, M. C.; Schlessinger, J. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 1995, 92, 3199–3203.
O’Brien, R. A., Ed., Receptor Binding in Drug Research, Vol. 5; Dekker: New York, 1986.
Wilm, M.; Mann, M. Anal. Chem. 1996, 68, 1–8.
Loo, J. A.; Hu, P.; Thanabal, V. Proceedings of the 43rd ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics; Atlanta, GA, 1995; p 35.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Loo, J.A., Hu, P., McConnell, P. et al. A study of Src SH2 domain protein-phosphopeptide binding interactions by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 8, 234–243 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1044-0305(96)00238-3
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1044-0305(96)00238-3