Abstract
To confirm sub-regular solution model valid for predicting the activity of component in binary oxide systems, seven systems in the whole concentration and twelve systems presenting saturation concentration have been studied. The total average relative errors of component 1 and 2 are 3. 2% and 4. 1% respectively by application of the sub-regular solution model into the systems within the whole concentration. However, the total average relative errors are 16% and 1 088% in the systems presenting saturation concentration. The results show that sub-regular solution model is not good for predicting the systems presenting saturation concentration, especially for the systems containing acidic or neutral oxide. The reason may be that the influence of the two types of oxide on the configuration is greater in binary oxide systems. These oxides can be present in the form of complex anion partly, Si-O, Al-O, Ti-O and so on, for example (SiO4−). That is contrary to sub-regular solution model which is supposed that the oxide systems consist of cation and O2−. But compared with regular solution model and quasi-regular solution model, sub-regular solution model is closer to the characteristics of actual solution and the calculated results are superior.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hildebrand J H, Scott R L. Regular Solution [M]. New Jersey: Englewwood Cliffs, 1962.
Lumsden J. Physical Chemistry of Process Metallurgy Parti [M]. New Jersey: Englewwood Cliffs, 1961.
Banya S. Mathematical Expression of Slag-Metal Reactions in Steelmaking Process by Quadratic Formalism Based on the Regular Solution Model [J]. ISIJ International, 1993, 33(2): 2.
WEI Qing-cheng. Metallurgy Thermodynamics [M]. Chongqing: Chongqing University Press, 1996.
Hardy H K. A “Sub-Regular” Solution Model and Its Application to Some Binary Alloy Systems [J]. Acta Metallurgica, 1953, 1: 202.
ZHANG Xiao Bing, JIANG Guo-chang, TANG Kai. A Sub-Regular Solution Model Used to Predict the Component Activities of Quaternary Systems [J]. CALPHAD, 1997, 21(3): 301 (in Chinese).
ZHANG Xiao-bing, JIANG Guo-chang, XU Kuang-di. High Order Sub-Regular Solution Model and It’s Application in the Calculation of Component Activités of MnO-SiO2-Al2O3-CaO Molten Slag [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 1997, 33(10): 1085 (in Chinese).
TANG Kai, JIANG Guo-chang, ZHOU Guo-zhi, et al. A Sub-Regular Solution Model for Metallurgical Slags [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2000, 36(5): 502 (in Chinese).
Rog G, Kozlowska A. Determination of the Activities in {xMnO+(l-x)NiO} by Solid-Electrolyte Galvanic Cell in the Temperature Range 973 K to 1173 K [J]. Chem Thermodynamic, 1997, 29: 305.
Tang H, Tsai T, Muan A. Activity-Composition Relations in the Systems [J]. J Am Ceram Soc, 1992, 75(6): 1472.
Wu P, Eriksson G, Pelton A D. Critical Evaluation and Optimization of the Thermodynamic Properties and Phase Diagrams of the CaO-FeO, CaO-MgO, CaO-MnO, FeO-MgO, FeO-MnO, and MgO-MnO Systems [J]. J Am Ceramic Soc, 1993, 76(8): 2065.
Eriksson G, Pelton A D. Critical Evaluation and Optimization of the Thermodynamic Properties and Phase Diagrams of the MnO-TiO2, MgO-TiO2, FeO-TiO2, Ti2O3-TiO2, Na2O-TiO2, and K2O-TiO2 Systems [J]. Metallurgical Transactions, 1993, 24B(5): 795.
Raghavan S, Iyengar G N K, Abraham K P. Determination of the Thermodynamic Properties of {XMgO+(l − X)MnO} (s, sln) From a Solid-Electrolyte Galvanic Cell in the Temperature Range 1163 to 1318 K [J]. Chem Thermodynamics, 1985, 17(6): 585.
Rein R H, Chipman J. Activities in the Liquid Solution SiO2-CaO-MgO-Al2O3 at 1600 °C [J]. Trans Met Soc AIME, 1965, 233(2): 415.
Wang J. Schlackenatlas Slag Atlas [M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry, 1987.
Rao B K D P, Gaskell D R. The Thermodynamic Properties of Melt in the System MnO-SiO2 [J]. Met Trans, 1981, 12B: 469.
Kambayshi S, Kato E. A Thermodynamic Study of (Magnesium Oxide+Silicon Dioxide) by Mass Spectrometry at 1973 K [J]. J Chem Thermodynamics, 1984, 16: 241.
Leung A, Thompson W T. A Thermodynamic Study of PbO-GeO2 Melts [J]. Can Met Quart, 1976, 15: 227.
Reyes R A, Gaskell D R. The Thermodynamic Activity of ZnO in Silicate Melts [J]. Metallurgical Transactions, 1983, 14B(4): 725.
Abtaham K P, Davies M W, Richarson F D. The Solubility of Calcium Sulphide and Activity in MnO-SiO2 Melts [J]. J Iron Steel Inst, 1960, 196: 82.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Foundation Item: Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (50874072); Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of China (IRT0739)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hou, Yq., Xie, G., Tao, Dp. et al. Activity Calculation by Application of Sub-Regular Solution Model in Binary Oxide Systems. J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 19, 33–38 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1006-706X(12)60110-1
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1006-706X(12)60110-1