Abstract
The behavior of inclusions in the process of δ-phase growth during the solidification of Fe-0. 15C-0.8Mn steel was in-situ observed using a high-temperature confocal scanning laser microscope (HTCSLM). The results show that inclusions arrive the S/L (solid/liquid) interface by way of direct impact or gradual drift, when the cell spacing is approximately equal to 177 μm during the growth of cellular δ-phase. The inclusions easily stay at the positions of trailing vortex formed by the circumferential motion of molten steel around δ-phase. Some inclusions reaching the S/L interface are captured by the solid-phase. Some of them move along the normal direction of the S/L interface because of pushing of solid-phase, and the others get away from the S/L interface after being pushed for a distance. The faster the growth rates of the solid-phase are, the easier the inclusions are captured by the S/L interface. The slower the growth rates of the solid-phase are, the easier the inclusions move with the S/L interface.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kimura S, Nakajima K, Mizoguchi S. Behavior of Alumina-Magnesia Complex Inclusions and Magnesia Inclusions on the Surface of Molten Low-Carbon Steel [J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2001, 32(1). 79.
Wang Y, Sridhar S. The Effect of Gas Flow Rate on the Evolution of the Surface Oxide on a Molten Low Carbon Al Killed Steel [J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2005, 40(9/10): 2179.
Coletti B, Vantilt S, Blanpain B, et al. Observation of Calcium Aluminate Inclusions at Interfaces Between Ca-Treated, Al-Killed Steel and Slags [J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2003, 34(5): 533.
Sen S, Kaukler W F, Curreri P, et al. Dynamics of Solid/Liquid Interface Shape Evolution Near an Insoluble Particle-An X-Ray Transmission Microscopy Investigation [J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 1996, 28(10): 1997.
Janis J, Nakajima K, Shibata H, et al. An Experimental Study on the Influence of Particles on Grain Boundary Migration [J], Journal of Materials Science, 2010, 45(8): 2233.
Mukherjee S, Sharif MAR, Stefanescu D M. Liquid Convection Effects on the Pushing-Engulfment Transition of Insoluble Particles by a Solidifying Interface: Part II. Numerical Calculation of Drag and Lift Forces on a Particle in Parabolic Shear Flow [J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2004, 35(2): 623.
Semykina A, Nakano J, Sridhar S, et al. Confocal Microscopic Studies on Evolution of Crystals During Oxidation of the FeO-CaO-SiO2-MnO Slags [J], Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2010, 41(5): 940.
HUANG Fu-xiang, WANG Xin-hua, ZHANG Jiong-ming, et al. In-Situ Observation of Solidification Process of AISI 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel [J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2008, 15(6): 78 (in Chinese).
Liang G F, Wan C Q, Wu J C, et al. In Situ Observation of Growth Behavior and Morphology of Delta-Ferrite as Function of Solidification Pate in an AISI 304 Stainless Steel [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters). 2006, 19(6): 441.
Chikama H, Shibata H, Emi T. In Situ Real Time Observation of Planar to Cellular and Cellular to Dendritic Transaction of Crystals Growing in Fe-C Alloy. Melts [J]. Materials Transactions JIM, 1996, 37(4), 620.
Stefanescu D M, Juretzko F R, Dhindaw B K, et al. Particle Engulf ment and Pushing by Solidifying Interfaces: Part II. Microgravity Experiments and Theoretical Analysis [J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 1998, 29(6): 1697.
Shangguan D, Ahuja S, Stefanescu D M. An Analytical Model for the Interaction Between an Insoluble Particle and an Advancing Solid/Liquid Interface [J]. Metallurgical Transactions A, 1992, 23(2): 669.
Dhua S K, Ray A, See S K, et al. Influence of Nonmetallic Inclusion Characteristics on the Mechanical Properties of Rail Steel [J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2000, 9(6): 700.
Shul’te Y A, Rudenko V P, Shalomeev A A, et al. Effect of Nonmetallic Inclusions on Properties of Cast Steel [J]. Material Science, 1967, 3(4): 309.
Sudarshan T S, Waters C K, Louthan M R. Participation of Inclusions in Hydrogen Embrittlement Processes [J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 1988, 10(3): 215.
Barantseva Z V, Vinograd M I, Smirnova A V. Effect of Composition, Shape, and Distribution of Nonmetallic Inclusions on the Ductility and Fracture of Metal [J]. Metal Science and Heat Treatment, 1979, 21(7): 541.
Shibata H, Arai Y, Suzuki M, et al. Kinetics of Peritectic Reaction and Transformation in Fe-C Alloys [J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2000, 31(5): 981.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Foundation Item: Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (50874060); Program for Excellent Talents of Liaoning Province in University (LR201019)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chen, Sy., Yue, Xd., Jin, Gc. et al. Behavior of Inclusions in Process of Solid Growth During Solidification of Fe-0. 15C-0.8Mn Steel. J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 19, 17–22 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1006-706X(12)60094-6
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1006-706X(12)60094-6