Abstract
The transformation of MgO • Al2O3 based inclusions in alloy steel during refining has been studied by industrial trials. Besides Factsage software is used to study the formation and modification of spinel inclusions in alloy steel using calcium treatment during refining process. The results show that the transformation sequence of inclusions is: MgO • Al2O3→CaO-Al2O3-MgO complex inclusions→MgO • Al2O3, and under present experimental condition, in order to avoid forming MgO • Al2O3 inclusions the content of dissolved Ca in the molten steel has to reach 1×10−6. Also the results show that when more calcium was added to molten steel, the content of Al2O3 and MgO will be lower. Besides, increasing the content of CaO in the inclusions will increase even if the content of SiO2 changes little.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Todoroki H, Inada S. Recent Innovation and Prospect in Production Technology of Specialty Steels With High Cleanliness [J]. Bull Iron Steel Inst Jpn, 2003, 8(2): 575 (in Japanese).
Wang Y, Zuo X, Zhang L. Effect of SEN Clogging on Flow Transport in Continuous Casting Mold [C] //Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference of Clean Steel. Balatonfured: European Coal and Steel Community, 2007: 161.
Jo S K, Song B, Kim S H. Thermodynamics on the Formation of Spinel (MgO • Al2O3) Inclusion in Liquid Iron Containing Chromium [J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2002, 33(4): 709.
Joo Hyun Park. Formation Mechanism of Spinel-Type Inclusions in High-Alloyed Stainless Steel Melts [J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2007, 38(4): 657.
Cha W Y, Kim D S, Lee Y D. A Thermodynamic Study on the Inclusion Formation in Ferritic Stainless Steel Melt [J]]. ISIJ International, 2004, 44(7): 1134.
Itoh H, Hino M, Banya S. Thermodynamics on the Formation of Non-Metallic Inclusion of Spinel in Liquid Steel [J]. Testu-to-Hagane, 1998, 84(2): 85 (in Japanese).
Okuyama G, Yamaguchi K, Takeuchi S. Effect of Slag Composition on the Kinetics of Formation of Al2O3-MgO Inclusions in Aluminum Killed Ferritic Stainless Steel [J]. ISIJ International, 2000, 40(2): 121.
Mizuno K, Todoroki H, Noda M. Effects of Al and Ca in Ferrosilicon Alloys for Deoxidation on Inclusion Composition in Type 304 Stainless Steel [J]. Iron and Steelmaker, 2001, 28 (8): 93.
Kang Y. Mechanism Study on the Formation of Liquid Calcium Auminate Inclusion From MgAl2O4 Spinel [J]. Steel Research International, 2006, 77(11): 785.
Pretorius E B, Oltmann H G, Cash T. The Effective Modification of Spinel Inclusions by Ca-Treatment in LCAK Steel [C] // AIST2009 Proceedings. St Louis: Association for Iron and Steel Technology, 2009: 1035.
ZHANG Li-feng, LI Shu-sen, WANG Jian-wei. Observation of the 3-Dimensional Morphology of Inclusions Using Partial Acid Extraction [J]. Iron and Steel, 2009, 44(3): 75 (in Chinese).
Wang X, Li H, Wang Y. Composition Change of the Non-Metallic Inclusions During the Secondary Refining of Low Oxygen Alloyed Structural Steels [C] //AIST2009 Proceedings. St Louis: Association for Iron and Steel Technology, 2009: 965.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Foundation Item: Item Sponsored by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (20080430020)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yang, Sf., Li, Js., Zhang, Lf. et al. Behavior of MgO • Al2O3 Based Inclusions in Alloy Steel During Refining Process. J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 17, 1–6 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1006-706X(10)60147-1
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1006-706X(10)60147-1