Abstract
The deformation process of H-beams was simulated by explicit dynamic FEM, and the influence of deformation parameters on the spread of rolling piece was obtained. The results show that the flange width, elongation ratio between flange and web and flange thickness are the major influencing factors on the spread of rolling piece, and the inclination and diameter of vertical roll together with web inner width can also influence to some extent on the spread of rolling piece.
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Abbreviations
- a(t):
-
Node acceleration vectors
- B:
-
Flange width, m
- tt B L :
-
Transition matrix from linear strain to displacement
- tt B NL :
-
Transition matrix from nonlinear strain to displacement
- C:
-
Damping matrix
- D h :
-
Diameter of horizontal roll, m
- Dijkl:
-
Component of constitutive matrix
- D v :
-
Diameter of vertical roll, m
- t−eiy:
-
Strain rate tensor
- f i :
-
Unit volume force, (N · m−3)
- H:
-
Inner width, m
- K:
-
Stiffness matrix
- M:
-
Mass matrix
- ni:
-
Direction cosine of exterior normal
- Q(t):
-
Node load vector
- S:
-
Total surface area, m2
- Sσ:
-
Surface on which external force is known, m2
- S u :
-
Surface on which displacement is given and restrained, m2
- t:
-
Time, s
- t f0 :
-
Flange thickness before rolling, m
- T̅i:
-
Known external force, N
- tw0:
-
Web thickness before rolling, m
- tz:
-
Rolling temperature, °C
- ui:
-
Component of displacement, m
- V:
-
Volume, m3
- υ:
-
Rolling speed, (m · s−1)
- υ(t):
-
Node velocity vector
- εij:
-
Component of stress tensor
- λ:
-
Elongation ratio between flange and web
- λw:
-
Web reduction, %
- λf:
-
Flange reduction, %
- ρ:
-
Density, (kg · m−3)
- σij:
-
Component of stress tensor, MPa
- t−σ Jij :
-
Jaumann stress rate tensor
- t τ :
-
Cauchy stress matrix
- tτ̅:
-
Cauchy stress vector
- θ:
-
Inclination of vertical roll, (°)
- μ:
-
Damping coefficient
References
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WANG Yu-cheng, SHAO Min. Principle of Finite Element Method and Numeric Method [M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 1997 (in Chinese).
ZHOU Ji-hua, GUAN Ke-zhi. Plastic Deforming Resistance of Metal [M]. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 1989 (in Chinese).
Iron and Steel Association of Japan. Rolling Theory and Practice [M]. WANG Guo-dong, WU Guo-liang, trans. Beijing: Railway Press of China, 1990 (in Chinese).
SUN Yi-kang. Mathematic Model Based on the Continuous Rolling Strip Steel [M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 1979 (in Chinese).
WANG Ting-fu, QI Ke-min. Metal Plastic Process Technology [M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2001 (in Chinese).
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Xu, Xd., Bai, JI., Wang, Bx. et al. Research on Flange Spread of H-Beam on Universal Mill. J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 13, 27–30 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1006-706X(06)60021-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1006-706X(06)60021-6