Abstract
A previously uncharacterized source of detection mass bias is shown to be associated with atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry (APIMS), and is attributed to a mass dependence in the sampling of ions from the supersonic free jet expansion of gas emerging from the ion source. The halide ions Cl −, Br−, and I− are shown to be transported from the ion source aperture to a quadrupole mass filter with efficiencies that increase linearly with increasing mass of the ion. While the polyatomic anions SF -6 and C7F -14 are detected with even greater efficiencies than would be expected for monatomic anions of the same mass, this additional sensitivity to the polyatomic anions is thought to be related to ion loss processes occurring within the ion source. The experimental conditions under which these mass bias effects can be minimized or enhanced in APIMS are described.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Watson. J. T. Introduction to Mass Spectrometry; Raven Press: New York. 1985; p. 88.
Stafford, G. C.; Reeher, J. R.; Story. R. S. In Mass Spectrometry, Part B; Merritt, C., McEwen, C. N., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1990; p. 359.
Horning, E. C..|Horning. M. G.; Carroll, D. I.; Dzidic, I.; Stillwell, R. N. Anal. Chem. 1973, 45, 936.
Carroll, D. I.; Dzidic, I.; Homing, E. C., Stillwell, R. N. Appl. Spectros. Rev, 1981, 17, 337.
Bruins, A. P. Mass Spec. Rev. 1991, 10, 53.
Johnston, M. V. Trends in Anal. Chem. 1984, 3, 58.
Hayes, J. M. Chem. Rev. 1987, 87, 745.
Stern, S. A.; Waterman, P. C; Sinclair, T. F. J, Chem. Phys. 1960, 33, 805.
Reis. V. H.; Fenn, J, B. J. Chem. Phys. 1963, 39, 3240.
Crimsrud, E. P.; Kim, S. H. Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 537.
Mock. R. S.; Zook, D. R.; Grimsrud, E. P. Int. J. of Mass Spec. and Ion Proc. 1989, 91, 327.
Zook, D. R.; Knighton. W. B.; Grimsrud, E. P. Int, J. of Mass Spec. and Ion Proc. 1990, in press.
Dahl, D. A.; Delmore, J. E. The SIMION PC/PC2 User’s Manual, Version 3.1, a report from of Idaho National Engineering Laboratory; Idaho Falls, Idaho, November 1987.
Smith, D.; Adams, N. G.; Alge, E. J. Phys. B; At. Mol. Phys. 1964, 17, 461.
Alge, E.; Adams, N. G.; Smith, D. J. Phys. B 1984, 17, 3827.
Knighton, W. B.; Zook, D. R.; Grimsrud, E. P. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 1990, 1, 372.
Gobby, P. L.; Grimsrud, E. P.; Warden, S. W. Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 473.
Siegel, M. W.; Mckeown, M. C. J. Chromatogr. 1976, 122, 397.
Siegel, M. W.; Fite, W. L. J. Phys. Chem. 1976, 80, 2871.
Smith, D.; Church, M. J. Planet. Space Sci. 1977, 25, 433.
Mock, R. S.; Grimsrud, E. P. Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 1684.
Lorrain, P.; Corson D. Electromagnetic Fields and Waves, 2nd ed.; W. H. Freeman and Co.: San Francisco, 1970; p. 51.
Campargue, N. J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 4466.
Hagcna, O. F. Surface Sci. 1981, 106, 101.
Amirav, A.; Even, D.; Jortner, J. Chem. Phys. 1980, 51, 31.
Crimsrud, E.; Connolly, M. J. J. Chromatogr. 1982, 239, 397.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zook, D.R., Grimsrud, E.P. Detection mass bias in atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2, 232–239 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1016/1044-0305(91)80049-D
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/1044-0305(91)80049-D