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Quantitative analysis of iodine and bromine in soil using an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer with three-dimensional polarized optics

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Abstract

A nondestructive and simple method for the determination of bromine and iodine in soil was investigated using an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer equipped with three-dimensional polarized optics. Using a gadolinium X-ray tube and Mo and Al2O3 as optimal secondary target materials, K-lines were detected for bromine and iodine. The minimum detection limits for bromine and iodine were calculated using JSAC0411, a certified reference material of soil for metal composition analysis, and were 0.77 mg/kg for bromine and 2.3 mg/kg for iodine at a measurement time of 600 s. The results of the determination of bromine and iodine in soil samples by the standard addition method were 256 ± 8 mg/kg for iodine and 67.9 ± 1.3 mg/kg for bromine with JSAC0411, which were in close agreement with the results measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after alkaline extraction with tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) solution. The method developed in this study is an excellent technique for direct analysis of soil by X-ray fluorescence analysis without any pretreatment such as alkaline extraction. It is expected to be a practical analytical method for elucidating the dynamics of bromine and iodine in agricultural land and soil.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, AH, upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Environmental Radioactivity Research Network Center (P-23-10).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo, Japan

    Masato Tokoro

  2. Graduate School of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan

    Shi Zhiyuan

  3. Malvern Panalytical, A Division of Spectris Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan

    Isao Yamaji

  4. Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan

    Yuichi Takaku & Aya Sakaguchi

  5. School of Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo, Japan

    Akiko Hokura

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  1. Masato Tokoro
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Correspondence to Akiko Hokura.

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Tokoro, M., Zhiyuan, S., Yamaji, I. et al. Quantitative analysis of iodine and bromine in soil using an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer with three-dimensional polarized optics. ANAL. SCI. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44211-024-00541-7

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