Skip to main content

Retention of inorganic anions using mesoporous zirconia spheres modified with anion-exchange groups as the stationary phase for ion chromatography

Analytical Sciences volume 38, pages 563–569 (2022)Cite this article

Abstract

A zirconia (ZrO2) stationary phase with a chemically fixed silane coupling agent (trimethyl [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ammonium chloride; TMA), which possesses quaternary ammonium functional groups, is evaluated as a separation column for ion chromatography (IC) of anions. The selectivity for anions varies depending on the amount of TMA immobilized on the ZrO2. The TMA-ZrO2, with an anion-exchange capacity of 17 ± 3 µeq/g, shows an anion-exchange reaction that involves the specific retention of fluoride ion on ZrO2. The TMA-ZrO2 exhibits a decrease of the anion resolution with an increase of the eluent pH and an enhancement of the selective separation of fluoride ion with an increase of the column temperature. Through this study, the TMA–ZrO2 stationary phase shows potential as a new medium for ion separation.

Graphical abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Access options

Buy single article

Instant access to the full article PDF.

USD 39.95

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

References

  1. L.E. Vanatta, J. Chromatogr. A 1213, 70 (2008)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Z. Chen, S. Feng, E.H.N. Pow, O.L.T. Lam, S. Mai, H. Wang, Clin. Chim. Acta 438, 231 (2015)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  3. A. Kaufmann, M. Widmer, K. Maden, P. Butcher, S. Walker, Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 410, 5629 (2018)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  4. D. Kozaki, T. Ozaki, N. Nakatani, M. Mori, K. Tanaka, Water 2014, 6 (1945)

    Google Scholar 

  5. A.K. Meher, N. Labhsetwar, A. Bansiwal, Food Chem. 240, 131 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. A.M. Dolgonosov, A.G. Prudkovskii, N.K. Kolotilina, J. Anal. Chem. 62, 1046 (2007)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  7. P.N. Nesterenko, P. Jones, J. Sep. Sci. 30, 1773 (2007)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  8. M. Mori, K. Sagara, K. Arai, N. Nakatani, S. Ohira, K. Toda, H. Itabashi, D. Kozaki, Y. Sugo, S. Watanabe, N.S. Ishioka, K. Tanaka, J. Chromatogr. A 1431, 131 (2016)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  9. W. Buchberger, K. Winsauer, J. Chromatogr. A 482, 401 (1989)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  10. K. Tani, H. Kubojima, Chromatographia 47, 655 (1998)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  11. X. Liang, S. Wang, J. Niu, X. Liu, S. Jiang, J. Chromatogr. A 1216, 3054 (2009)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  12. J. Ge, L. Zhao, Y.-P. Shi, J. Liq. Chromatogr. Rel. Technol. 31, 151 (2008)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  13. M.F. Wahab, C.A. Pohl, C.A. Lucy, Analyst 136, 3113 (2011)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  14. K. Tanaka, Bunseki Kagaku 55, 275 (2006)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  15. K. Tanaka, M. Mori, Anal. Sci. 37, 93 (2021)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  16. J. Nawrocki, M.P. Rigney, A. McCormick, P.W. Carr, J. Chromatogr. A 657, 229 (1993)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Y. Inoue, K. Tani, Y. Suzuki, Chromatographia 40, 577 (1995)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  18. M.P. Rigney, T.P. Weber, P.W. Carr, J. Chromatogr. A 484, 273 (1989)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Y. Hu, P.W. Carr, Chromatographia 56, 439 (2002)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  20. C. Paek, Y. Huang, M.R. Filgueira, A.V. McCormick, P.W. Carr, J. Chromatogr. A 1229, 129 (2012)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  21. M. Mori, T. Masuno, A. Kanai, D. Kozaki, Bunseki Kagaku 68, 241 (2019)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  22. M. Mori, T. Masuno, D. Kozaki, N. Nakatani, H. Itabashi, Acta Chromatogr. 27, 767 (2015)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  23. G.K. Chuah, S.H. Liu, S. Jaenicke, J. Li, Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 39, 381 (2000)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  24. F. Sugiyama, S. Iwamoto, J. Ceram. Soc. Japan 128, 410 (2020)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  25. T. Sugita, K. Kobayashi, K. Kobayashi, T. Yamazaki, K. Fujii, H. Itabashi, M. Mori, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 356, 71 (2018)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  26. T. Bayer, B.V. Cunning, R. Selyanchyn, T. Daio, M. Nishihara, S. Fujikawa, K. Sasaki, S.M. Lyth, J. Membr. Sci. 508, 51 (2016)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  27. J.K. Kang, S.C. Lee, S.B. Kim, J. Taiwan. Inst. Chem. Eng. 102, 153 (2019)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  28. S. Kongwudthiti, P. Praserthdam, W. Tanakulrungsank, M. Inoue, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 136, 186 (2003)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  29. M. Shibukawa, A. Taguchi, Y. Suzuki, K. Saitoh, T. Hiaki, T. Yarita, Analyst 137, 3154 (2012)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  30. F. Gritti, G. Guiochon, Anal. Chem. 78, 4642 (2006)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  31. T. Greibrokk, T. Andersen, J. Chromatogr. A 1000, 743 (2003)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  32. J. D. Pfaff (USEPA, ORD, NERL) ed., Method 300.1 Determination of Inorganic Anions in Drinking Water by Ion Chromatography, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1993, pp. 27–28.

  33. J.B. Alam, A. Hossain, S.K. Khan, B.K. Banik, M.R. Islam, Z. Muyen, M.H. Rahman, Environ. Monit. Assess. 134, 233 (2007)

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by a grant from Daiichi Kigenso Kagaku Kogyo Co., LTD. We thank Edanz (https://jp.edanz.com/ac) for editing a draft of this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, 2-5-1 Akebono-cho, Kochi, 780-8520, Japan

    Yuki Ikuta, Kyosuke Shimono, Yuhi Tsubouchi, Daisuke Kozaki & Masanobu Mori

  2. Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan

    Tsuyoshi Sugita

  3. Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan

    Kentaro Kobayashi, Fuya Sugiyama & Shinji Iwamoto

Authors
  1. Yuki Ikuta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kyosuke Shimono
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yuhi Tsubouchi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Tsuyoshi Sugita
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Kentaro Kobayashi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Fuya Sugiyama
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Daisuke Kozaki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Shinji Iwamoto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Masanobu Mori
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Masanobu Mori.

Supplementary Information

Supporting Information Table S1, and Figs. S1 – S3 are presented as supporting information. Table S1 summarizes dissociation energy and binding strength of several chemical bonds. Figure S1 shows structure of TMA. Figure S2 illustrates procedures to pack the particle into a column. Figure S3 shows theoretical plate numbers (N) of analyte anions to column temperatures. This material is available free of charge on the Web at http://www.jsac.or.jp/analsci/.

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 952 KB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ikuta, Y., Shimono, K., Tsubouchi, Y. et al. Retention of inorganic anions using mesoporous zirconia spheres modified with anion-exchange groups as the stationary phase for ion chromatography. ANAL. SCI. 38, 563–569 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44211-022-00066-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s44211-022-00066-x

Keywords

  • Zirconia
  • Anion separation
  • Ion chromatography
  • Temperature
  • Resolution