Retraction Note: International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems (2023) 16:164 https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-023-00344-0


The Publisher has retracted this article in agreement with the Editor-in-Chief. The article was submitted to be part of a guest-edited issue. An investigation by the publisher found a number of articles, including this one, with a number of concerns, including but not limited to compromised editorial handling and peer review process, inappropriate or irrelevant references or not being in scope of the journal or guest-edited issue. Based on the investigation's findings the publisher, in consultation with the Editor-in-Chief therefore no longer has confidence in the results and conclusions of this article.


Authors, Shitharth S, Hariprasath Manoharan, and Achyut Shankar disagree with this retraction. Authors, Adil Khadidos, Alaa Khadidos, and Edeh Onyema have not responded to correspondence regarding this retraction.