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Table 9 Final training error and deviation value of each method on the California house price dataset

From: An Adaptive Lion Swarm Optimization Algorithm Incorporating Tent Chaotic Search and Information Entropy

California

Training error

Test error

BP

PSOBP

GWOBP

LSOBP

ACIE_LSOBP

BP

PSOBP

GWOBP

LSOBP

ACIE_LSOBP

MSE

0.0445

0.0351

0.0296

0.0288

0.0091

0.0517

0.0451

0.0473

0.0151

0.0097

RMSE

0.2110

0.1935

0.1720

0.1697

0.0954

0.2274

0.2198

0.2175

0.1229

0.0984

MAE

0.1087

0.1099

0.1176

0.1263

0.0841

0.1065

0.1297

0.1716

0.0881

0.0749

SD

1.9E − 03

1.3E − 03

1.4E − 03

2.6E − 03

1.2E − 04

1.3E − 03

7.3E − 04

6.4E − 04

4.5E − 05

9.4E − 05