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Quantitative assessment of morphometry and GIS integrated RUSLE model-based soil loss estimation from Pahuj river basin, central India

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Abstract

In this study the morphometric indices of the Pahuj river basin (PRB) were evaluated by applying remote sensing and GIS. The Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) based 30 m digital elevation (DEM) data was used in order to extract morphometric parameters using standard methods. The PRB covering an area (3648 km2) and is controlled by homogenous lithology and geological structures. The drainage density indicates that the permeable soil with coarse texture is dominantly occurring in large low-lying flat areas of the basin. Contrary to this the high gradient consist of impermeable hard granitic rocks of Neoarchean to Precambrian age with a low quantity of permeable soil. The low value of elongation ratio and form factor reveal that PRB is elongated and show low peak flows.

To assess the soil erosion susceptibility, the morphometric attributes and a Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model integrated with the GIS was used in order to estimate soil loss from the basin. The results of rainfall erosivity (R-factor) along with rainfall pattern indicate that the upper Pahuj catchment relatively exhibits a high intensity of erosion and rainfall than the middle and lower region. The findings of of rainfall erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), topographic (LS), and crop management (C) factors infer that the soil loss is quite low in the study area. The low value of the ruggedness number and Melton ruggedness (4.16) imply that the basin is moderately rugged and less prone to erosion, particularly in the high relief catchment area. The effective practices of water and soil conservation will enhance water storage capacity and prevent soil and sediment loss in the PRB. The research findings may be helpful to resolve the water crisis and can enhance the effective management of soil conservation in such a drought-prone area.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Earth Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    S. C. Bhatt, Adesh Patel, Suraj Kumar Sahu & Rubal Singh

  2. Institute of Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    N. K. Rana

  3. K. Banerjee Centre of Atmospheric and Ocean Studies, IIDS, Nehru Science Centre, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sudhir Kumar Singh

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  1. S. C. Bhatt
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  3. Adesh Patel
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  4. Sudhir Kumar Singh
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  5. Suraj Kumar Sahu
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  6. Rubal Singh
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SCB: Suresh Chandra Bhatt; NKR: Narendra Kumar Rana; SKS (1): Sudhir Kumar Singh; SKS (2): Suraj Kumar Sahu; RS: Rubal Singh; AP: Adesh Patel. “Conceptualization, SCB, NKR, AP, RS and S.K.S(1); methodology, RS, AP., SCB, SKS(1); software, AP., RS, SKS(1), S.K.S(2); validation SCB, NKR, formal analysis, SCB, NKR, SKS(1), and AP.; investigation, AP., SCB, MMS, SKS(1), and SKS(2); resources, SCB, AP., RS, SKS(2); data curation, AP., SKS(1), SKS(2) and RS; writing—original draft preparation, SCB, AP.,SKS(1), SKS(2); writing—review and editing, SCB, AP., NKR, SKS(1), SKS(2); visualization, AP., SCB, SKS(1), SKS(2); supervision, SCB, NKR and S.K.S.(1); project administration, SCB, NKR and S.K.S.(1).

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Correspondence to Adesh Patel.

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This manuscript has not been initially published. All the authors are agreeing with the content of manuscript and there is no conflict of interest. Author Sudhir Kumar Singh, express his gratitude to the Coordinator of K. Banerjee Centre of Atmospheric and Ocean Studies, IIDS, Nehru Science Centre, University of Allahabad, Prayagaraj and DST-FIST for providing the necessary support to carry out this work.

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Bhatt, S.C., Rana, N.K., Patel, A. et al. Quantitative assessment of morphometry and GIS integrated RUSLE model-based soil loss estimation from Pahuj river basin, central India. Proc.Indian Natl. Sci. Acad. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43538-024-00293-y

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