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Pathodynamics

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Abstract

Osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related fractures in the aging population are becoming a health care problem and a burden on health service resources available. Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder that results from an imbalance in bone remodeling, leading to a reduction in bone strength with microarchitectural disruption and skeletal fragility, increasing fracture susceptibility. Osteoporosis is considered a well-known metabolic bone disorder. Although its prevalence is more commonly seen in women than men, it is eventually seen in both genders. In the elderly population, there is an increase in disability and mortality due to osteoporotic fractures.

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Data Availability

There is no data obtained for this report.

Abbreviations

GM-CSF:

Granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

RANKL:

Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand

TGF:

Transforming growth factor

IGF:

Insulin-like growth factor

BMP:

Bone morphogenic protein

Hh:

Hedgehog

GM:

Gut microbiome

PTH:

Parathyroid hormone

OPG:

Osteoprotegerin

VDR:

Vitamin D receptors

ROS:

Reactive oxidative species

FZD:

Frizzled

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ganga Hospital, Coimbatore, India

    Dhanasekara Raja Palanisami, Suresh Prabhu, Sahil Kanwar & Shrikant Savant

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  1. Dhanasekara Raja Palanisami
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  2. Suresh Prabhu
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  3. Sahil Kanwar
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  4. Shrikant Savant
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Correspondence to Dhanasekara Raja Palanisami.

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Palanisami, D.R., Prabhu, S., Kanwar, S. et al. Pathodynamics. JOIO 57 (Suppl 1), 55–61 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43465-023-01042-x

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