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Reliability and Validity of Cross Culturally Adapted Punjabi Version of NDI (NDI-P) in Patients with Neck Pain: A Psychometric Analysis

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Abstract

Background

Neck disability index (NDI) is one of the commonest patient-reported outcome measures used to evaluate disability related to neck pain. Its application to non-English-speaking Punjabi population is limited as a validated and cross-culturally adapted Punjabi version of NDI is not available. The purpose of the study was to analyze the psychometric properties of Punjabi version of neck disability index (NDI-P) in patients with neck pain.

Materials and Methods

The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of Punjabi version of NDI was done according to well-recommended guidelines. The pre-final version was tested on a set of 15 patients and suitable modifications were made. The final version was administered to 100 patients with neck pain of more than 2 weeks duration. Psychometric properties comprising internal consistency, test–re-test reliability, construct validity and factorial structure of the questionnaire were determined.

Results

The developed NDI-P showed excellent internal consistency (Chronbach alpha of NDI-P is 0.87), test–re-test reliability (ICC 0.840) and construct validity (Spearman correlation coefficient with VAS 0.547). Factor analysis proved the questionnaire to be having a 2-factor structure with a total variance of 56.58%.

Conclusion

NDI (P) is a reliable and valid instrument for measurement of disability related to neck pain in Punjabi population. It can be used both in research and clinical care settings in future.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh, 160030, India

    Dinesh Sandal, Rohit Jindal, Sandeep Gupta & Sudhir Kumar Garg

  2. Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (CMCC), Toronto, ON, Canada

    Howard Vernon

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  1. Dinesh Sandal
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  2. Rohit Jindal
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  3. Sandeep Gupta
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  4. Sudhir Kumar Garg
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  5. Howard Vernon
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Correspondence to Dinesh Sandal.

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Sandal, D., Jindal, R., Gupta, S. et al. Reliability and Validity of Cross Culturally Adapted Punjabi Version of NDI (NDI-P) in Patients with Neck Pain: A Psychometric Analysis. JOIO 55, 918–924 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43465-020-00280-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43465-020-00280-7

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