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Changes in trunk appearance following surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

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Abstract

Purpose

To assess the postoperative appearance of the trunk in surgically treated scoliosis patients after a 2 year follow-up using reliable indices and compare the results with 6-month follow-up.

Methods

Forty-six Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) patients (female; preop mean age 14.4 ± 2.4 years) who underwent a posterior spinal fusion from 2009 to 2018 were included in this study. All had Lenke 1A thoracic curves, with surface topography taken preoperatively, 6 months and 2 years postoperatively. To assess spinal deformity, we measured the proximal thoracic, main thoracic and thoracolumbar/lumbar Cobb angles in the frontal plane from spinal X-rays and inclinometer angles in the thoracic and lumbar regions. To assess trunk deformity, Back Surface Rotation (BSR) and Trunk Lateral Shift (TLS) were computed along the trunk. We analysed the effect of age, height, weight, Cobb angle, length of follow-up, and surgical technique. We also compared correction rates (CRs) of the spinal and trunk measurements after 6 months and 2 years.

Results

Good spinal correction was achieved, with Cobb angles decreasing in the whole cohort. CRs for TLS and BSR were positive (denoting improvement) for 76% and 48% of patients, respectively, after 2 years. Compared with 6 months, the mean TLS CR increased while there was no improvement for BSR on average. We found no significant association after 2 years between truncal index CRs and clinical variables (age, height, weight, preoperative Cobb angles) or surgical technique. However, there were significant correlations between the CRs of TLS and the main thoracic Cobb angle (r = 0.35), and between the CRs of BSR and thoracic inclinometer angle.

Conclusion

Although more than 55% of the TLS was corrected after 2 years of follow-up, the BSR remained stable over time and the persistence of rib hump on the back surface could be observed.

Level of evidence

III.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the personnel of the Orthopaedics Research Clinical Unit (URCO, CHU Sainte-Justine) for their help with collecting clinical data. The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

Funding

This work was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and the TransMedTech Institute.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer and Software Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, P.O. Box 6079, Montréal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada

    Maryam Khani, Farida Cheriet, Lama Seoud & Philippe Debanné

  2. Sainte Justine Hospital Research Center, 3175, Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada

    Maryam Khani, Farida Cheriet, Lama Seoud, Philippe Debanné, Stefan Parent & Hubert Labelle

Authors
  1. Maryam Khani
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  2. Farida Cheriet
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  3. Lama Seoud
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  4. Philippe Debanné
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  5. Stefan Parent
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  6. Hubert Labelle
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Contributions

MK, FC, LS, SP, HL: Study Design; MK, FC, LS: Methodology; MK, PD, SP, HL: Data collection; MK, FC, LS, PD, SP, HL: Analysis; MK, FC, LS, PD: Writing.

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Correspondence to Maryam Khani or Farida Cheriet.

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Khani, M., Cheriet, F., Seoud, L. et al. Changes in trunk appearance following surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine Deform (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43390-024-00843-w

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