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Risk factors for coronal oblique take-off following adult spinal deformity surgery using lateral lumbar interbody fusion and open posterior corrective fusion

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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate risk factors associated with oblique take-off (OT) following lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) for adult spinal deformity.

Methods

Thirty-nine consecutive patients (mean age 67.9 years) with scoliosis of the lumbar curve (> 30°) were evaluated. Multilevel LLIF, followed by open thoraco-pelvic posterior corrective fusion after 1 week, was performed. We defined OT as a distance of > 25 mm between the C7 plumb line and the central sacral vertical line and examined risk factors by dividing the patients into the OT and non-OT groups.

Results

OT occurred in 11 patients (28%), all showing a tilt to the convex side. The correction rate of the lumbar curve was approximately 70% range for both groups, which indicated good correction. Preoperative radiographs showed a high L1-central sacral vertical line in the standing position; high L5 tilt in the supine position; high L3, L4, and L5 tilts to the convex side in the supine-bending position; and a high L4 vertebral wedge on the convex side in OT cases. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that an L4 tilt to the concave side in the bending position was the most effective predictor of OT (odds ratio = 1.104, P = 0.047). For a cutoff value of 16°, the sensitivity and specificity were 73% and 61%, respectively, according to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis (area under the curve = 0.73).

Conclusion

OT occurred in 28% of adult scoliosis patients following LLIF. An L4 tilt > 16° to the concave side in the bending position was the most valuable risk factor.

Level of evidence

IV.

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Availability of data and material

The datasets analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Code availability

Not applicable.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express their appreciation for the help provided by Daisuke Togawa, Sho Kobayashi, Tatsuya Yasuda, and Hiroki Ushirozako regarding case collections or manuscript discussions. The authors also thank Editage for English language editing.

Funding

No funding was received for this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1, Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan

    Keiichi Nakai, Yu Yamato, Tomohiko Hasegawa, Go Yoshida, Tomohiro Banno, Hideyuki Arima, Shin Oe, Yuki Mihara, Tomohiro Yamada, Koichiro Ide, Yuh Watanabe, Kenta Kurosu & Yukihiro Matsuyama

  2. Division of Geriatric Musculoskeletal Health, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan

    Yu Yamato & Shin Oe

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  1. Keiichi Nakai
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Contributions

Conception or design of the work: KN, YY, TH, GY, TB, HA, SO, YMi, TY, KI, YW, KK, YMa. Acquisition of data for the work: KN, YY. Analysis of data for the work: KN, YY. Interpretation of data for the work: KN, YY. Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content: KN, YY, TH, GY, TB, HA, SO, YMi, TY, KI, YW, KK, YMa. Final approval of the version to be published: KN, YY, TH, GY, TB, HA, SO, YMi, TY, KI, YW, KK, YMa. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved: KN, YY, TH, GY, TB, HA, SO, YMi, TY, KI, YW, KK, YMa.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Keiichi Nakai.

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Conflict of interest

Dr. Yamato and Dr. Oe work for a donation-funded laboratory called the Division of Geriatric Musculoskeletal Health. Donations to this laboratory were received from Medtronic Sofamor Danek, Inc., Japan Medical Dynamic Marketing, Inc., and Meitoku Medical Institution Jyuzen Memorial Hospital. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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Institutional review board approval was obtained from Hamamatsu University School of Medicine.

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Written informed consent was obtained from the patients.

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Patients provided signed informed consent regarding the publication of their data and photographs.

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Nakai, K., Yamato, Y., Hasegawa, T. et al. Risk factors for coronal oblique take-off following adult spinal deformity surgery using lateral lumbar interbody fusion and open posterior corrective fusion. Spine Deform 10, 647–656 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43390-021-00438-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43390-021-00438-9

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