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Does nutrition consultation in the year leading up to neuromuscular scoliosis surgery result in significant weight gain, or just a larger magnitude curve?

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Abstract

Purpose

Patients with neuromuscular scoliosis undergoing posterior instrumented spinal fusion can be underweight, malnourished, and have higher complication rates. A nutrition consult is common in this population and it is unclear if weight gain occurs from the consult or surgery. The purpose of the study was to determine if nutrition consultation in the year prior to spinal fusion resulted in significant differences in weight gain or percentile on the CP growth chart. The secondary aim was to determine if there would be deformity progression during that time.

Methods

Retrospective chart and radiograph review was performed for all patients with neuromuscular spinal deformity treated with posterior instrumented spinal fusion at one institution between January 1, 2009 and August 1, 2015. Inclusion criteria included < 20 years old, diagnosis of neuromuscular scoliosis, and 1-year pre-operative percentile on the CP growth chart < 50. Patient demographics, GMFCS level, weight, percentile on appropriate CP growth chart, major curve and pelvic obliquity at 1 year pre-operatively and at surgery were recorded.

Results

Sixty-eight patients met inclusion criteria. Thirty-seven patients had a nutrition appointment within 1 year pre-operatively, 31 patients did not. There were no significant differences between the groups when comparing increase in weight (p = 0.9), percentile on CP growth charts (p = 0.3), major deformity (p = 0.1), and pelvic obliquity (p = 0.2). Overall, there was a mean 3.2 kg weight gain, 5.2% increase on CP growth charts, 40° increase in major curve, and 5° worsening of pelvic obliquity in the year before surgery. There was an average overall increase in the pre-operative albumin value, but this was not different between groups (p = 0.6). Children who were tube fed gained on average 10.8 percentiles on the CP growth chart, whereas children without gained only 0.5 percentiles (p = 0.002).

Conclusions

Nutrition consultations in the year preceding posterior instrumented spinal fusion do not lead to weight optimization prior to surgery in comparison to patients without nutrition consults. Gastrostomy tubes were found to be helpful for weight optimization and should be considered as an alternative nutrition option in pre-operative planning in underweight patients.

Level of evidence

III—therapeutic study: retrospective comparative study.

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Funding

This study had no external funding source.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Ariana T. Meltzer-Bruhn

  2. Department of Orthopedics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Matthew R. Landrum, David A. Spiegel, Patrick J. Cahill, Jason B. Anari & Keith D. Baldwin

Authors
  1. Ariana T. Meltzer-Bruhn
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  2. Matthew R. Landrum
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  3. David A. Spiegel
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  4. Patrick J. Cahill
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  5. Jason B. Anari
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  6. Keith D. Baldwin
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Contributions

Conception or design of work: ATM, MRL, KDB. Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work: ATM, MRL, DAS, PJC, JBA, KDB. Drafting of work or revising it critically for important intellectual content: ATM, MRL, DAS, PJC, JBA, KDB. Final approval of version to be published:: ATM, MRL, DAS, PJC, JBA, KDB.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Keith D. Baldwin.

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Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board.

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Meltzer-Bruhn, A.T., Landrum, M.R., Spiegel, D.A. et al. Does nutrition consultation in the year leading up to neuromuscular scoliosis surgery result in significant weight gain, or just a larger magnitude curve?. Spine Deform 10, 151–158 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43390-021-00401-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43390-021-00401-8

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