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Dual oxidative stress and fatty acid profile impacts in Paracentrotus lividus exposed to lambda-cyhalothrin: biochemical and histopathological responses

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Abstract

Lambda-cyhalothrin (λ-cyh) is a potential pyrethroid insecticide widely used in pest control. The presence of pyrethroids in the aquatic ecosystem may induce adverse effects on non-target organisms such as the sea urchin. This study was conducted to assess the toxic effects of λ-cyh on the fatty acid profiles, redox status, and histopathological aspects of Paracentrotus lividus gonads following exposure to three concentrations of λ-cyh (100, 250 and 500 µg/L) for 72 h. The results showed a significant decrease in saturated fatty acid (SFAs) with an increase in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs) levels in λ-cyh treated sea urchins. The highest levels in PUFAs were recorded in the eicosapentaenoic acids (C20:5n-3), docosahexaenoic acids (C22:6n-3) and arachidonic acids (C20:4n-6) levels. The λ-cyh intoxication promoted oxidative stress with an increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) levels. Furthermore, the enzymatic activities and non-enzymatic antioxidants levels were enhanced in all exposed sea urchins, while the vitamin C levels were decreased in 100 and 500 µg/L treated groups. Our biochemical results have been confirmed by the histopathological observations. Collectively, our findings offered valuable insights into the importance of assessing fatty acids’ profiles as a relevant tool in aquatic ecotoxicological studies.

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We are indebted to the editor and the anonymous reviewers for their acceptance to review this work. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or notfor-profit sectors.

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  1. Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of aquatic organisms, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia

    Chaima Fouzai, Wafa Trabelsi, Safa Bejaoui, Feriel Ghribi, Imen Chetoui & Nejla Soudani

  2. Station de Recherche Sous-marines et Océanographiques (STARESO), Calvi, France

    Michel Marengo

  3. Higher institute of fishing and aquaculture of Bizerte, Menzel Jemil Bizerte, Tunisia

    Sami Mili

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Fouzai, C., Trabelsi, W., Bejaoui, S. et al. Dual oxidative stress and fatty acid profile impacts in Paracentrotus lividus exposed to lambda-cyhalothrin: biochemical and histopathological responses. Toxicol Res. 39, 429–441 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43188-023-00174-4

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