Abstract
This study aimed to assess the impact of body image perception on the quality of life of 1081 Brazilian adolescents and to determine the main variables associated with body dissatisfaction. The participants’ ages ranged from 12 to 19 years (M = 14.88; SD = 2.38), and they all completed an online sociodemographic questionnaire, the Contour Drawing Rating Scale, and KIDSCREEN instruments. According to their body image perception, the participants were classified into the following two groups: satisfied and dissatisfied. Most male adolescents were in the satisfied group (51.3%) and exhibited higher quality-of-life scores in the domains evaluated (p < .001; η2 = .04). Adolescents of brown, yellow, or indigenous races (OR = 1.45 [1.05–2.02]) and students attending night classes (OR = 5.20 [1.15–23.5]) had higher odds of exhibiting body dissatisfaction. Network analysis indicated that school grade (elementary/high school) and night school attendance were the variables with the greatest influence among all adolescents. These findings highlight the importance of interventions that prioritize developing a satisfactory body image while considering individuals’ developmental period, race, education period, and social support network.
Resumo
Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o impacto da percepção da auto imagem corporal na qualidade de vida de 1.081 adolescentes Brasileiros e determinar as principais variáveis associadas com a insatisfação corporal. Os participantes tinham idade entre 12 a 19 anos (M = 14,88; DP = 2,38) e todos eles preencheram um questionário online, e os instrumentos Contour Drawing Rating Scale e KIDSCREEN. De acordo com a percepção da auto imagem, os participantes foram classificados em dois grupos: satisfeitos e insatisfeitos. A maioria dos adolescentes meninos estavam satisfeita (51,3%) e apresentaram maiores níveis de qualidade de vida nos domínios avaliados (p < 0,001; η2 = 0,04). Os adolescentes de raças parda, indígena ou amarela (OR = 1,45 [1,05 – 2,02]) e os estudantes de períodos noturnos (OR = 5,20 [1,15 – 23,5]) apresentaram maiores chances de reportar insatisfação corporal. A análise de rede indicou que a série (ensino fundamental/médio) e o período noturno foram as variáveis com a maior influência no sistema entre todos os adolescentes. Estes achados indicam a importância de intervenções que priorizem uma auto imagem corporal satisfatória que leve em conta o período de desenvolvimento, raça, período de educação e uma rede de suporte social.
Resumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el impacto de la percepción de la autoimagen corporal en la calidad de vida de 1.081 adolescentes brasileños y determinar las principales variables asociadas a la insatisfacción corporal. La edad de los participantes osciló entre los 12 y los 19 años (M = 14,88; SD = 2,38), y todos ellos completaron un cuestionario sociodemográfico en línea, la Escala de Calificación de Dibujos de Contorno y los instrumentos KIDSCREEN. Según su percepción de la autoimagen corporal, los participantes se clasificaron en los siguientes dos grupos: satisfechos e insatisfechos. La mayoría de los adolescentes varones se encontraban en el grupo de satisfechos (51,3%) y mostraban puntuaciones de calidad de vida más altas en los dominios evaluados (p < 0,001; η2 = 0,04). Los adolescentes de raza parda, amarilla o indígena (OR = 1,45 [1,05—2,02]) y los estudiantes que asistían a clases nocturnas (OR = 5,20 [1,15—23,5]) tenían mayores probabilidades de mostrar insatisfacción corporal. El análisis de redes indicó que el grado escolar (primaria/secundaria) y la asistencia a clases nocturnas fueron las variables con mayores niveles de influencia entre todos los adolescentes. Estos hallazgos destacan la importancia de las intervenciones que priorizan el desarrollo de una autoimagen corporal satisfactoria teniendo en cuenta el período de desarrollo, la raza, el período educativo y la red de apoyo social.
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Funding
This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES) — Finance Code 001.
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Andrade, Pinheiro, and De Micheli were responsible for the study design. Pinheiro was responsible for data acquisition. Andrade, Pinheiro, and Silva were responsible for the data analyses. Lopes, Scatena, Reichert, Oliveira, and Enes cooperated in the technical procedures and interpretation of the data. Andrade, Pinheiro, De Micheli, Silva, and Enes drafted the manuscript. All the authors are responsible for the contents, having revised and approved its final version.
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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study was submitted to and approved by the university ethics committee (No. 2.004.627 and CAAE: 58,699,916.5.0000.5505).
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Informed consent was obtained from all individual adult participants included in the study.
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The authors declare no competing interests.
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de Oliveira Pinheiro, B., Andrade, A.L.M., Lopes, F.M. et al. Quality of Life and Body Image Perception in Adolescents: the Contextual Aspects of This Relationship Using Network Analyses. Trends in Psychol. 29, 734–751 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43076-021-00083-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43076-021-00083-1
Keywords
- Body image
- Quality of life
- Adolescent
- Imagem corporal
- Qualidade de vida
- Adolescente
- Imagen corporal
- Calidad de vida
- Adolescente