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Early Fetal Growth Restriction with or Without Hypertensive Disorders: a Clinical Overview

  • Pregnancy: Review
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Abstract

Early onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) is one of the main adverse pregnancy conditions, often associated with poor neonatal outcomes. Frequently, early onset FGR is associated with early onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), and in particular preeclampsia (PE). However, to date, it is still an open question whether pregnancies complicated by early FGR plus HDP (FGR-HDP) and those complicated by early onset FGR without HDP (normotensive-FGR (n-FGR)) show different prenatal and postnatal outcomes and, consequently, should benefit from different management and long-term follow-up. Recent data support the hypothesis that the presence of PE may have an additional impact on maternal hemodynamic impairment and placental lesions, increasing the risk of poor neonatal outcomes in pregnancy affected by early onset FGR-HDP compared to pregnancy affected by early onset n-FGR. This review aims to elucidate this poor studied topic, comparing the clinical characteristics, perinatal outcomes, and potential long-term sequelae of early onset FGR-HDP and early onset n-FGR.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

    Federico Mecacci, Eleonora Romani, Sara Zullino & Felice Petraglia

  2. IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Sara Clemenza

  3. University of Milano, Milan, Italy

    Laura Avagliano

Authors
  1. Federico Mecacci
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  2. Eleonora Romani
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  3. Sara Clemenza
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  4. Sara Zullino
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  5. Laura Avagliano
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  6. Felice Petraglia
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Correspondence to Sara Clemenza.

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Mecacci, F., Romani, E., Clemenza, S. et al. Early Fetal Growth Restriction with or Without Hypertensive Disorders: a Clinical Overview. Reprod. Sci. 31, 591–602 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-023-01330-9

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