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Effects of Bacillus subtilis on hepatic lipid metabolism and oxidative stress response in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) fed a high-fat diet

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Abstract

Bacillus subtilis is widely used in aquaculture as a probiotic. However, few studies have been conducted to examine the effect of B. subtilis on liver lipid metabolism. A total of 135 healthy grass carp (50.24 ± 1.38 g) were randomly divided into three groups: control (Con), high-fat diet (HF), and high-fat diet + B. subtilis (HF + B. subtilis), and fed for 8 weeks. The results showed that compared with the HF group, the weight gain rate (WGR) significantly increased (P < 0.05) and the hepatic lipid content, serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) decreased in the group supplemented with B. subtilis (P < 0.05). Moreover, the hepatic mRNA expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) was significantly down-regulated and the carnitine palmitoyl transferases (CPT1α1a) were up-regulated in the HF + B. subtilis group compared to the HF group (P < 0.05), respectively. Additionally, in the HF + B. subtilis group, glutathione (GSH) significantly increased (P < 0.05), while hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents significantly decreased compared to the HF group (P < 0.05). B. subtilis may reduce the hepatic lipid content by inhibiting its synthesis and promoting β-oxidation of fatty acids. B. subtilis may also alleviate dyslipidaemia and prevent oxidative damage in the liver caused by the high-fat diet of grass carp. Hence, dietary supplementation with B. subtilis shows promise as a therapeutic or preventive tool against fatty liver disease.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant nos. 31472310 and 31672683) and the Technical Innovation Project of Hubei Province (Grant No. 2018ABA103).

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  1. Hui Zhao and Yan’er Luo contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Hui Zhao, Yan’er Luo, Yongan Zhang, Xiaoxuan Chen, Hui Wang, Daoyuan Guo & Zhixin Wu

  2. Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Hui Zhao, Yongan Zhang, Xiaoxuan Chen, Daoyuan Guo & Zhixin Wu

  3. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Yan’er Luo & Yongan Zhang

  4. Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Hui Wang

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  1. Hui Zhao
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Contributions

Conceptualization, HZ and YL; methodology, HZ, YL, YZ, XC, HW, DG and ZW; validation, HZ and YL; writing-original draft preparation, HZ and YL; writing-review and editing, XC and ZW; supervision, ZW; project administration, ZW.

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Correspondence to Zhixin Wu.

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All applicable international, national, and institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed by the authors.

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Zhao, H., Luo, Y., Zhang, Y. et al. Effects of Bacillus subtilis on hepatic lipid metabolism and oxidative stress response in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) fed a high-fat diet. Mar Life Sci Technol 2, 50–59 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42995-019-00005-2

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