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Individual Responses to Creatine Supplementation on Muscular Power is Modulated by Gene Polymorphisms in Military Recruits

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim was to explore five established SNPs (rs1815739, rs1805086, rs2700352, rs28497577, and rs28357094) that are known to modulate skeletal muscle protein kinetics in response to creatine supplementation.

Methods

A randomized, placebo-controlled, repeated measures design was used. Participants (n = 152) were randomized divided into one of two groups: CREA (20 g/day creatine monohydrate) or PLAC: (dextrose) for 7 days. SNP were assessed, and participants were classified accordingly. Before and after supplementation, anthropometrics (height and body mass) and performance measures (vertical jump, countermovement vertical jump, squat jump, abdominal crunches, and maximum push-ups) were assessed.

Results

CREA gained more body mass than PLAC (CREA: ∆0.864 ± 0.06 kg; PLAC: ∆0.154 ± 0.07 kg, P < 0.001). In the CREA group, the presence of an A allele for the MYLK1 polymorphism was related to changes in countermovement jump height (P = 0.027; effect size [d] = 0.41) and leg power (P = 0.040, effect size [d] = 0.18). The total number of abdominal crunches after supplementation was influenced by treatments and SPP1 gene (P = 0.041). A higher number of abdominal crunches was associated with the G allele in the CREA group and the TT genotype in the PLAC group (effect size [d] = 0.04).

Conclusion

Collectively, short-term creatine supplementation increased body mass but was unable to alter muscle performance. However, following creatine supplementation, participants expressing A alleles in the MYLK1 polymorphism had a greater increase in jump height and leg power and participants expressing G alleles in the SPP1 gene had greater improvements in abdominal crunch performance.

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Acknowledgements

We are very thankful to the subjects who made this study possible and who endured the inconvenience of this investigation.

Funding

The authors have not disclosed any funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Skeletal Muscle Physiology Study Group, Universidade Iguaçu Campus V, R Luiz Carlos Ferreira Tirado, 148, Cidade Nova, Itaperuna, RJ, CEP 28300-000, Brazil

    Daniele Mattos, Douglas Rosa & Marco Machado

  2. Laboratory of Human Movement Studies, University Fondation of Itaperuna, Itaperuna, RJ, Brazil

    Daniele Mattos, Douglas Rosa & Marco Machado

  3. Brazilian Army Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Caleb Guedes M. Santos, Roberta Giovanini Busnardo & Marcos Dornelas Ribeiro

  4. Biometrics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Caleb Guedes M. Santos & Dailson Paulucio

  5. Department of Physical Education Studies, Faculty of Education, Brandon University, Brandon, MB, Canada

    Scott C. Forbes

  6. Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada

    Darren G. Candow

  7. Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Depto de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Cynthia Chester

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  1. Daniele Mattos
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Contributions

All the authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation and data collection were performed by DM, CGMS, DR and MM; data analysis were performed by DM, CGMS, DR, RGB, MDR, DP, CC and MM. The first draft of the manuscript was written by DM, CGMS and MM, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marco Machado.

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Conflict of interest

DM, CGMS, DR, RGB, MDR, CC, and MM declare no competing interests. DGC has conducted industry sponsored research involving creatine supplementation, received creatine donation for scientific studies and travel support for presentations involving creatine supplementation at scientific conferences. In addition, DGC serves on the Scientific Advisory Board for Alzchem (a company which manufactures creatine). SCF has served as a scientific advisor for a company that sells creatine products.

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Mattos, D., Santos, C.G.M., Forbes, S.C. et al. Individual Responses to Creatine Supplementation on Muscular Power is Modulated by Gene Polymorphisms in Military Recruits. J. of SCI. IN SPORT AND EXERCISE 5, 70–76 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42978-022-00165-1

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