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Composition and phylogenetic structure of Pampean grasslands under distinct land use and presence of alien species

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Abstract

Alien species can modify ecosystem functions and ecological processes in natural communities and potentially become invasive. In the Brazilian Pampean grasslands, reports of changes in land use and invasions of alien plant species are becoming more frequent. This study aimed to investigate species composition and phylogenetic relationships between native and alien plants across four sites of Brazilian Pampean grasslands under distinct land uses (NOM: no agricultural management; GRZ: grazed pastures; AGR: agrarian crops; ROAD: roadside). The phylogenetic relationship between native and alien species was analyzed at two scales: inter-site and intra-site. We found phylogenetic diversity dissimilarity across all sites considering all species. Overall, across all sites, we found random phylogenetic relationships among alien and native species. We found significant phylogenetic clustering in the most disturbed site (ROAD) for the two sets of species: all (alien and natives) and only native species. We conclude that clustering of phylogenetic relationships among alien and native species is only evident at small (intra-site) sampling scales in environments subject to high levels of disturbance (i.e., roadsides) in the studied Pampean Grasslands, suggesting that environmental filtering plays an important role in local community assembly.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to acknowledge A. A. Schneider who determined the plant species and T.G. Santos who gave valuable insights for the preliminary statistical analyses. This research did not receive any specific funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Plantas, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil

    Neil Damas de Oliveira Junior

  2. Laboratório de Geoprocessamento e Sensoriamento Remoto, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil

    Écio Souza Diniz

  3. Laboratório de Pesquisa em Interações Ecológicas, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, RS, 97300-000, Brazil

    Rubem Samuel de Avila Jr

  4. Institute of Botany, Department of Vegetation Ecology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic

    Écio Souza Diniz

  5. ProBioDiversa Brasil, Associação para Conservação da Biodiversidade, Viçosa-MG, Brazil

    Écio Souza Diniz

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  1. Neil Damas de Oliveira Junior
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Correspondence to Écio Souza Diniz.

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de Oliveira Junior, N.D., Diniz, É.S. & Avila Jr, R.S. Composition and phylogenetic structure of Pampean grasslands under distinct land use and presence of alien species. COMMUNITY ECOLOGY 24, 73–86 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42974-023-00136-8

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