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Process Optimization of Vacuum-Assisted Solar Drying of Crush, Tear and Curl (CTC) Black Tea

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Abstract

Purpose

This study was conducted to develop and evaluate the effects of vacuum assisted solar drying on the quality attributes of crush, tear and curl (CTC) black tea.

Methods

The influence of process parameters on the quality of tea was analyzed by using Design expert 7.1.1 software. The independent parameters namely vacuum level and loading rate were varied as per rotatable central composite design, and the responses were liquor colour (LC), aroma index (AI), drying time (t) and energy consumption (EC).

Results

The optimum drying condition was successfully found to be at a vacuum level of 570.71 mmHg and loading rate of 0.96 kg dry solid m−2. The LC redness and yellowness index, AI, t and EC were found to be 20.08, 11.65, 4.44, 140.66 min and 21450.7 kJ respectively in optimized condition. Two individual catechin, namely EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate) and ECG (epigallocatechin); four individual theaflavin like total theaflavins (TF), TF3MG (theaflavin-3-monogallate), TF3’MG (theaflavin-3′-monogallate) and TF3,3’DG (theaflavin-3,3′-digallate) and caffeine were detected in the made tea at the optimized conditions.

Conclusions

The predicted optimum drying conditions were in good term with the experimental results obtained. This optimum input parameters obtained from the present study would help to produce quality tea.

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Abbreviations

BOP:

broken orange pekoe

CTC:

crush tear curl

E:

energy consumption, kJ

ECG:

epicatechin gallate

EGCG:

epigallocatechin gallate

I:

current supplied, A

t:

drying time, min

TF:

theaflavin

TR:

thearubigin

TF3MG:

theaflavin-3-monogallate

TF3’MG:

theaflavin-3′-monogallate

TF3, 3’DG:

theaflavin-3, 3′-digallate

TV:

Tocklai vegetative

V:

voltage supplied to the vacuum pump, V

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge Prof. Dr. B. C. Ghosh, Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, for his helpful discussion and suggestions while carrying out this research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India

    K. R. Jolvis Pou & P. P. Tripathy

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  1. K. R. Jolvis Pou
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  2. P. P. Tripathy
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Correspondence to K. R. Jolvis Pou.

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Pou, K.R.J., Tripathy, P.P. Process Optimization of Vacuum-Assisted Solar Drying of Crush, Tear and Curl (CTC) Black Tea. J. Biosyst. Eng. 45, 24–32 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42853-019-00041-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42853-019-00041-x

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