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A short review on electrochemical exfoliation of graphene and graphene quantum dots

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Abstract

The synthesis of graphene and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) employing various approaches with a range of precursors, chemicals, and parameters has been reported. Most of the top-down and bottom-up techniques employ strong and hazardous chemical environments, complicated and tedious procedures, are time-consuming, and often require special equipment. Another drawback of the techniques reported is the production of agglomerated, inhomogeneous, and non-dispersible graphene in aqueous solvents or organic solvents, thus limiting its application. This work specifically and comprehensively describes the electrochemical exfoliation of graphene and GQDs, which is often considered as a simple one-step, facile, non-hazardous, and highly efficient technique yet favourable for mass production. A brief discussion on the advantageous and challenges of the electrochemical technique and applications of the electrochemically exfoliated graphene and GQDs is also presented.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2018/STG01/UIAM/03/2) (FRGS19-015-0623), Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE), Malaysia and Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

    Wan Hazman Danial & Noriliya Aina Norhisham

  2. Advanced Optoelectronics Research Group (CAPTOR), Department of Physics, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

    Ahmad Fakhrurrazi Ahmad Noorden

  3. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

    Zaiton Abdul Majid

  4. Department of Material Science and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8548, Japan

    Kazunari Matsumura

  5. School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia

    Anwar Iqbal

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Danial, W.H., Norhisham, N.A., Ahmad Noorden, A.F. et al. A short review on electrochemical exfoliation of graphene and graphene quantum dots. Carbon Lett. 31, 371–388 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-020-00212-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-020-00212-3

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