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Anti-enteric efficacy and mode of action of tridecanoic acid methyl ester isolated from Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms leaf

  • Clinical Microbiology - Research Paper
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Abstract

Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms (family Pontederiaceae), an ethnomedicinal aquatic herb, is used to remedy several gastrointestinal diseases by various ethnic groups in India. The present study aimed to purify and characterize the antibacterial active ingredient against gastrointestinal (GI) diseases and its mode of action using in vitro experimental models. The active lead molecule in the ethyl acetate extract (EA-Mh) fraction has been purified and characterized through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI–MS) methods. The anti-enteric efficacy has been evaluated against enteropathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies. The synergistic and antagonistic studies were done on E. coli MTCC 723 using standard antibiotics (ampicillin and kanamycin, final conc. 50 µg/ml) in a sterilized 96-well micro-plate, incubated at 37 ℃ for 24 h. The chromatographic and spectroscopic analyses revealed the presence of tridecanoic acid methyl ester (TAME) in the bioactive fraction. The compound causes significant extracellular leakage activity by disrupting cellular morphology in the Enterococcus faecalis MCC 2041 T and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium MTCC 98, at a dose of 375 μg/ml and 750 μg/ml, respectively. The SEM study shows a significant rupturing of E. coli and E. faecalis cells due to TAME induced autolysis. It has synergistic activity with ampicillin. The in silico molecular docking through the AutoDock Vina 4.2 and GROMACS (ver. 5.1) Charmm27 force field results showed that the TAME had a strong binding affinity Escherichia coli DNA Gyrase B (PDB ID: 5l3j.pdb) protein and caused conformational changes. Thus, the manuscript reports the first time on the characterization of TAME from this plant with a detailed antibacterial mode of action studies.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to KIIT, Bhubaneswar, the Chembiotek, Kolkata, and the Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, for their cooperation in ESI-MS and NMR analysis, respectively.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant and Microbial Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732 103, West Bengal, India

    Debabrata Misra, Manab Mandal, Vivekananda Mandal & Vivekananda Mandal

  2. Department of Chemistry, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732 103, West Bengal, India

    Narendra Nath Ghosh

  3. Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India

    Nabajyoti Baildya

  4. Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700 019, West Bengal, India

    Sukhendu Mandal

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Contributions

Debabrata Misra: Conceptualization; data curation; formal analysis; investigation; methodology; validation; visualization; roles/writing—original draft.

Narendra Nath Ghosh: Software; validation; visualization; roles/writing—original draft.

Manab Mandal: Data curation; investigation; methodology.

Vivekananda Mandal: Data curation; investigation; methodology.

Nabajyoti Baildya: Software; visualization.

Sukhendu Mandal: Conceptualization; resources; validation; writing—review and editing.

Vivekananda Mandal: Conceptualization; formal analysis; funding acquisition; resources; supervision; validation; visualization; writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Vivekananda Mandal.

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Misra, D., Ghosh, N.N., Mandal, M. et al. Anti-enteric efficacy and mode of action of tridecanoic acid methyl ester isolated from Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms leaf. Braz J Microbiol 53, 715–726 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-022-00696-3

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