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Exploration on the insecticidal role of arcelin from seeds of Phaseolus lunatus against stored pulse insect pest, Callosobruchus maculatus

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Abstract

The bruchid resistant seeds of Phaseolus lunatus were used to isolate arcelin to demonstrate its prospective insecticidal activity. Consequently, the seed extract of P. lunatus was fractionated into albumin and globulin fractions wherein the haemagglutination titer significantly increased to numerous folds upon assay with trypsinized human-A (Rh negative) erythrocytes in the case of albumin fraction. The haemagglutination activity was inhibited by none of the simple sugars, sugar derivatives and oligosaccharides. Interestingly, bovine submaxillary mucin was found to be a potent inhibitor of the hemagglutination that showed complete inhibition of HA activity at a concentration of 0.01953 mg/ml. The HA activity was totally independent of divalent cations, insensitive to EDTA, stable at pH range 4 to 9 and temperature 10 °C to 60 °C. Arcelin isolated from albumin fraction using carboxy methyl-cellulose was resolved into two distinct protein bands under non-reducing conditions and polypeptides of 27 to 42 kDa under reducing conditions. Periodic acid–Schiff staining confirmed the glycoprotein nature of the isolated arcelin. Artificial seed feeding bioassay with bruchid beetles using 1% partially purified arcelin showed a seed damage of 14% whereas, it was 100% in seeds devoid of arcelin. Interestingly, the weight of larvae obtained from the arcelin incorporated seeds was extensively abridged. The study altogether revealed the fact that the partially purified arcelin from albumin fraction of P. lunatus demonstrate a potent insecticidal effect on the larvae of Callosobruchus maculatus.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the use of infrastructure facility made available from DST-FIST in the Department of Zoology, University of Madras, India.

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  1. Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, India

    Hilda Karuppiah, Meenakumari Mani, Nivetha Ramanathan, Jebashalomi Vethanayaham, Bhuvaragavan Sreeramulu & Janarthanan Sundaram

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Contributions

Hilda Karuppiah, Jebashalomi Vethanayaham: Investigation and Analysis, Methodology, Data curation, Writing-Original draft. Meenakumari Mani, Nivetha Ramanathan: Investigation, Data curation, Validation, Editing-original draft. Bhuvaragavan Sreeramulu: Methodology, Formal analysis, Data curation. Janarthanan Sundaram: Conceptualization, Resources, Supervision, Project administration, Editing.

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Karuppiah, H., Mani, M., Ramanathan, N. et al. Exploration on the insecticidal role of arcelin from seeds of Phaseolus lunatus against stored pulse insect pest, Callosobruchus maculatus. Int J Trop Insect Sci 43, 2129–2144 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-023-01115-2

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