Abstract
Fopius arisanus (Sonan) is an ovo-pupal parasitoid used as biocontrol agent against the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). The effectiveness of this parasitoid in the natural agro-ecosystems depends partly on the quality of its mass rearing system. Preparation of the imported hydrolysate yeast-based diet usually results in high costs as the hydrolysate yeast is very expensive. We therefore assessed some local protein-rich products including powders of moringa, cassava leaves, and soybean flour as substitutes to the expensive imported hydrolysate yeast. The results revealed that eggs hatchability of B. dorsalis on moringa diet was higher while the adult emergence rate was lower. Cassava leaves-based diet did not differ from the deactivated hydrolysate yeast diet in eggs hatchability, pupal recovery, and emergence rate of adult B. dorsalis. However, F. arisanus-parasitized B. dorsalis egg hatchability on moringa leaves- and cassava leaves-based diets were higher than on the other diets. Pupal recovery from cassava leaves-, papaya- and soybean flour-based diets were lower than from the control. Parameters such as larval duration, larval survival rate and sex ratio did not differ significantly between treatments for any of the two insect species. The emergence rate of F. arisanus did not differ from one treatment to another. The best cost-effective local protein-based diet, available for local use and which offered performances close to those of the control diet, was the cassava leaves-based diet.
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Notes
Deactivated hydrolysate yeast: the yeast was deactivated by keeping the activated hydrolysate yeast in an oven at 70 °C for 5 mn.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to Agathe Agboto, Jacques Sogbossi, Dieudonné Kpoviessi, Pascal Ayélo, Carine Songbé, Dodji Kakpo, Alain Alowanou, Pierre Sovimi and Richard Houndafoche for their technical assistance and Blaise Mègnigbèto for data analyses. The authors would like to thank Crépin Aniwanou for revising the earlier versions of this manuscript.
Funding
This study was financially supported by the ‘Projet de Soutien au plan Régional de Lutte et de Contrôle des Mouches des Fruits en Afrique de l’Ouest’.
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Anato, F.M., Gnanvossou, D., Wargui, R.B. et al. Assessment of the efficiency of local protein-rich products for mass rearing of the tephritid fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and its biocontrol agent Fopius arisanus (Sonan) in laboratory conditions. Int J Trop Insect Sci 43, 1929–1936 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-023-01093-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-023-01093-5