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Species diet and the effect of different spatial bait distribution on assemblage of dung beetles in Amazonian white-sand forest

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Abstract

The recognition and use of food resources in animal species may vary according to availability. Trophic niche and resource availability are among the most important drivers involved in the coexistence of species, which may require specific resources or exploit a large variety of resources. Dung beetle species feed from a wide range of food resources, including feces, carrion, and rotten fruit. The aim of this study was to assess the attractiveness and preference of different food types (dung, carrion, and banana) for dung beetles from a region of Amazonian white-sand vegetation (Campinarana). Closely spaced sets of pitfall traps (5 m of distance between traps) baited with different food types were installed to test food preference, and widely-spaced traps (150 m of distance) baited with different food types to test food-type attractivity. Overall, we captured 76 dung beetles of nine species, where Deltochilum septemstriatum Paulian (1938), was classified as a specialist of carrion, Sylvicanthon proseni (Martínez, 1949) and Canthidium gr. lentum were considered specialists of human feces, no species was considered generalist. In terms of assemblage parameters, although food type did not affect species richness or individual abundance in both trap-spacing approaches, the species composition of beetles collected in carrion-baited traps was distinct from that in feces-baited traps. Seven out of nine species were attracted towards one of the resource types, regardless of the trap spacing design. Therefore, we conclude that diet of dung beetles that dwells in Campinaranas are relatively strict, with species being attracted mostly to carrion or feces, regardless of the availability of other food types.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.

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Acknowledgements

RPS was supported by Programa Nacional de Pós-doutorado/Capes (Government funds PNPD/CAPES, Brazil) and by DGAPA post-doc fellowship from Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. SSJ is supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM/PROFIX – RH – Edital/009/2021).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, 69080-971, Brazil

    Renato Portela Salomão, Albertina Pimentel Lima, Wiliam Ernest Magnusson, Eliene Fontes Arruda, Ana Paula Vieira de Oliveira & Ricardo Cesar Correa Cabral

  2. Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico

    Renato Portela Salomão

  3. Laboratório de Bioecologia de Scarabaeoidea (Scaralab), Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, Aquidauana, 79200-000, Brazil

    César Murilo de Albuquerque Correa

  4. Instituto de Educação, Agricultura e Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Humaitá, Amazonas, Brazil

    Sérgio Santorelli Junior

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  1. Renato Portela Salomão
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Correspondence to César Murilo de Albuquerque Correa.

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The experimentation was no invasive and complied with Brazilian law. At the end of the study, the specimens were deposited in the Entomological Collection at the INPA (Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil) following standard procedures.

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Salomão, R.P., Correa, C.M., Santorelli Junior, S. et al. Species diet and the effect of different spatial bait distribution on assemblage of dung beetles in Amazonian white-sand forest. Int J Trop Insect Sci 43, 1153–1162 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-023-01012-8

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