Abstract
The mango gall midge Procontarinia mangicola (Shi) that infests fresh leaves of mango is an important pest of this plant in southern Japan. We examined the effects of 16 insecticides on the mortality of P. mangicola to find an effective insecticide for the control of this pest insect. After dipping leaves infested by larvae in dilutions of 16 insecticides in the laboratory, corrected mortality defined as highly effective was observed when the leaves were treated with DMTP of organophosphate and ethiprole of phenylpyrazole, two neonicotinoids including nitenpyram and dinotefuran, two spinosyns including spinosad and spinetoram during the larval stage. Although the mortality was 0% at larval stage after treatment with pyrifluquinazon, 88.2% of gall midges died during from leaving the leaves as mature larvae to adult emergence. In greenhouses, the number of galls was significantly reduced on mango trees sprayed with DMTP or dinotefuran compared with non-sprayed control trees. The insecticidal effect was detected when spraying of dinotefuran was made even before the appearance of new leaves that were later infested by gall midges. These results would be useful in selecting effective insecticides for the control of mango gall midges and for the registration as agricultural chemicals.
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Data Availability
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Mr. Shinji Nakamura, Mr. Kentoku Kohama, Mr. Yusaku Suzuki, Miss Mamiko Kono, Mrs. Akane Shimabukuro and Mrs. Ayaka Kamiyama of Nago Branch of the Okinawa Prefectural Agricultural Research Center for assisting us in the field study of mangoes. We also thank Mrs. Tomoko Ganaha-Kikumura for useful comments. We appreciate encouragement by Mr. Akira Oyafuso of director of Nago Branch of Okinawa Prefectural Agricultural Research Center. Dr. Seiji Tanaka read early versions of our manuscript.
Funding
The funding had been received from the Okinawa Plant Protection Association and Okinawa Prefectural Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Horticulture Promotion Division.
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Conceptualization. Y. S., M. M.; methodology, Y. S.; formal analysis, Y. S. M. N., T. M.; investigation Y. S.; data curation, Y. S. M. N., J. O., T. M; writing—original draft preparation, Y. S.; All the authors have visualized and reviewed the manuscript.
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Shimizu, Y., Moriya, N., Jahana, O. et al. Effects of sixteen insecticides on the mango gall midge Procontarinia mangicola (Shi) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) infesting mango leaves. Int J Trop Insect Sci 43, 601–608 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-023-00962-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-023-00962-3