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Damage assessment of stored grain pests against rice grains types and wheat

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Abstract

Susceptibility of three grains types namely brown rice, white rice and wheat was evaluated against Rhyzopertha dominica F. (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), Trogoderma granarium E. (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) and Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in terms of percent weight loss and survival of these pests under laboratory conditions. Six 4 g samples of three types of grains were weighed and placed in open plastic jars. For T. castaneum wheat flour was used instead of wheat grains. Fifteen adults of R. dominica and T. castaneum and 15 larvae for T. granarium were released separately into every six replicates for three different experiments in randomized complete block design. After 30 d, maximum percentage of weight loss by R. dominica was in wheat grains followed by in white rice and the minimum percent weight loss was in brown rice. T. granarium caused maximum percent weight loss in white rice followed by in wheat and minimum percent weight loss was in brown rice. T. castaneum caused maximum percent weight loss in wheat flour followed by its weight loss in white rice and minimum percent weight loss was in brown rice. Maximum survival percentage of all three species was recorded in grain hosts where these caused maximum percent weight loss. This study also investigated a common physico-morphic trait in these grains potentially causing resistance or susceptibility against these pests. Study of hardness revealed hardness was maximum in brown rice followed by in wheat and minimum was in white rice. Hardness was also elaborated through particle size distribution after grinding of grains. Correlation results between hardness and percent weight loss and survival of these pests revealed hardness in grains was negatively correlated with percent weight loss and population survival for these pests. This study concludes hardness an important factor which caused resistance in brown rice compared with other two grain types against these pests and therefore this study pinpoints the importance of this trait for use in developing grain types for integrated pest management of storage insect pests.

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Acknowledgements

The first author is thankful to HEC, Pakistan (SRGP 4023) for funding for storage insect pests rearing facility.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

    Muhammad Waqar Hassan, Mohsin Ali Hashmi, Zahid Mehmood, Warda Saleem & Muhammad Aslam Farooqi

  2. Department of Botany, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

    Ghulam Sarwar

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  1. Muhammad Waqar Hassan
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  2. Mohsin Ali Hashmi
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  3. Ghulam Sarwar
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  4. Zahid Mehmood
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Correspondence to Muhammad Waqar Hassan.

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Hassan, M.W., Hashmi, M.A., Sarwar, G. et al. Damage assessment of stored grain pests against rice grains types and wheat. Int J Trop Insect Sci 43, 35–41 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-022-00907-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-022-00907-2

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