Abstract
The Indian lac insect, Kerria lacca (Kerr) is an industrially important insect because of its resin and pigment synthesizing capacity. Lac insects are phytophagous, sedentary almost throughout life and depend on phloem sap which is nutritionally imbalanced diet. Hence, it is postulated that endosymbionts are obligatory for their survival. Understanding the dynamics of microbiome of the lac insect is essential to unravel the complex interplay between microbes and lac insects. To study the diversity of endosymbiotic bacteria of lac insects, V3-V4 metagenome sequencing of neonate nymphs (crawlers) and the commercially important life stage, adult female lac insects were carried out using Illumina Hiseq 2500 platform. A total of 1646 OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Units) were obtained from both samples. The microbial diversity of crawlers and adult female lac insects was found to be different which could be due to the differences in morphology and physiology of those stages. More bacterial diversity and richness were found in crawlers compared to the adult female insects. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in both stages, followed by Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. Wolbachia and Pantoea were the predominant bacterial genera in the female lac insects. This paper is the first record on the study of bacterial composition of lac insect life stages using NGS technique. Evaluating the role of these microbes in lac insects may help in improving lac yield and productivity.
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Data availability
Data have been submitted to the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) under accession number PRJNA638760.
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Acknowledgements
Authors wish to acknowledge Indian Council of Agricultural Research for providing funds to carry out this work.
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This study was funded by Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi under Network Project on Conservation of Lac Insect Genetic Resources.
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Thamilarasi Kandasamy conceived the project, analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript; Sajiya Ekbal carried out all wet lab experiments; Kanchan Kumari carried out bioinformatic analyses; Vaibhav D Lohot contributed in maintaining lac insect culture and data analysis, A Mohanasundaram cultured lac insects and provided insect samples used in the experiments, Kewal K Sharma arranged for funding and contributed in refining the manuscript.
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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or higher animals performed by any of the authors. Lac insects used in this study are cultured at Institute Research Farm of ICAR-IINRG, Ranchi for research purpose and that there is no need to take any ethical approval.
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Kandasamy, T., Ekbal, S., Kumari, K. et al. Unraveling bacterial diversity of the Indian Lac Insect Kerria lacca (Kerr) using next generation sequencing. Int J Trop Insect Sci 42, 2365–2372 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-022-00758-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-022-00758-x